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CEN > Respiratory > Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

Why must pt be hemodynamically stable prior to CPAP/BiPAP?

A

NIPPV decreases venous return to the heart.

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2
Q

Atrovent mechanism

A

Limits secretions of mucus and inhibit bronchial muscle contraction

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3
Q

Causes right heart failure

A

Pulmonary HTN

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4
Q

Treatment for pulmonary htn

A

sildenafil/tadalafil. Digoxin to increase contractility

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5
Q

Treatment for pleural effusion

A

Thoracentesis to remove purulent empyema

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6
Q

Cherry red skin

ST depression due to hypoxia

A

S/S inhalation injury, carbon monoxide poisoning

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7
Q

Inhalation injury treatment

A

100% oxygen until carboxyhemoglobin <10%

Hyperbaric oxygen chamber for pregnant pts, fetus is most vulnerable

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8
Q

Causes of non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema

A

Heroin OD
Rapid ascent with scuba diving
High altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE)

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9
Q

Treatment for non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema

A

Low tidal volumes (4-6ml/kg)
High PEEP
Diuretics

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10
Q

Hallmark sign of fat emboli

A

Chest and axilla petechiae

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11
Q

PE ABG results

A

Low PaO2
Low CO2
Respiratory alkalosis and hypoxemia

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12
Q

1st or 2nd rib fractures

A

Think aortic dissection

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13
Q

4th-9th rib fractures

A

Pulmonary contusion, decrease IVF rate

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14
Q

9th-12th rib fractures

A

Spleen
Liver
Renal

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15
Q

Flail Chest

A

High speed MVC, sternal fracture from airbag

Muscle spasm can obscure flailing initially

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16
Q

Open Pneumothorax

A

Visible open chest wound
Bubbling of blood around wound
SQ emphysema

17
Q

Open Pneumo treatment

A

3-sided occlusive dressing at END EXHALATION (ask patient to exhale fully)

18
Q

Tension pneumo S/S

A

JVD

tracheal deviation to unaffected side (late sign)

19
Q

Hemothorax

A

Caused from tear of mammary artery

20
Q

Ruptured diaphragm S/S

A

Bowel sounds heard in chest
Abd pain radiating to L shoulder (Kehr’s sign)
Usually caused by lateral impact MVC

CEN (1 decks)

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