RESPIRATORY Flashcards
management of pulmonary hypertension
diuretics to treat the peripheral oedema
supplemental oxygen
CCB e.g. dltiazem and verapamil
PED5i = sildenifil
endothelin A = bosentan and ambristen
prostacyclin analagoues = epoprostenol, iloprost and treprostinil
non productive cough dyspnoea chest pain dull to percuss reduced breath sounds reduced chest expansion
pleural effusion (>30g/L protein = exudate, <30g/L protein = transudate)
progressive exertional dyspnea
dry cough
bibasal fine crackles
clubbing
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
pulmonary fibrosis management
pulmonary rehabilitation
pirfenidone can be useful
supplemental oxygen
eventual lung transplant
pleuritic chest pain - worse on inspiration and coughing
dyspnoea
haemoptysis
pleurisy
progressive exertional dyspnoea
cough
black/brown sputum
pneumoconiosis
managment of pneumoconiosis
avoidance of coal dust exposure
smoking cessation
manage chronic bronchitis symptoms
erythema nodosum lupus pernio (red/purple raised skin around the face) malaise fever polyarthralgia SOB dry cough hypercalcemia
sarcoidosis
management for sarcoidosis
steroids for 6-24 months
immunosuppressants in severe cases
lung transplant
cough (non/productive), sore throat, rhinorrhea, wheeze and sometimes a low-grade fever
acute bronchitis
management of acute bronchitis
analgesia and fluids
Abx indicated in systemic illness, co-morbidities or CRP 20-100
= give doxycycline (alt is amoxicillin)
coryzal symptoms dry cough increasing breathlessness sometimes wheeze/fine inspiratory crackles feeding difficulties
bronchiolitis
investigation for bronchiolitis
immunofluorescence of nasopharyngeal swabs
mx for bronchiolitis
supportive = humidified oxygen, NG feeding
preceding coryza coughing bouts inspiratory whoops spells of apneoa post-tussive vomiting
pertussis/whooping cough