Respiratory

Question 1

Bronchial Breath Sounds

Answer 1

heard over the trachea, longer during expiration, only heard anteriorly

Question 2

Bronchovesicular breath sounds

Answer 2

Heard posterior and anteriorly, between scapulae and in 1 and 2 ICS. Equal inspiration and expiration

Question 3

Vesicular breath sounds

Answer 3

Most peripheral part of the lungs anteriorly and posteriorly. Longer during inspiration.

Question 4

Crackles

Answer 4

Discontinuous popping sound during inspiration. Secondary to fluid filled airways. Bronchitis or pneumonia.

Question 5

Wheezes

Answer 5

Continuous musical sound heard on either both or one inspiration and expiration. Airway narrowing or obstruction. COPD.

Question 6

Pleural friction rub

Answer 6

Grading sound made when inflamed pleural spaces move during respiration

Question 7

Orthopnea

Answer 7

Breathing is difficult when patient is laying flat in bed and relieved in an upright position

Question 8

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea

Answer 8

Attack of breathlessness awaking an individual from sleep

Question 9

Cheyene Stokes respiration

Answer 9

Alternating between periods of deep rapid breathing followed by apnea. Can be drug OD, HF

Question 10

Hyperventilation/Kussmauls respirations

Answer 10

Increased rate, extreme exercise of ketoacidosisq

Question 11

Respiratory Acidosis

Answer 11

Lungs cannot remove all co2 from body, causes blood to become to acidic

Question 12

Hypercapnia

Answer 12

Excessive co2 in blood

Question 13

Signs of respiratory acidosis

Answer 13

Neuro changes: confused, drowsy
Respirations less than 12
Low BP

Question 14

Interventions for respiratory acidosis

Answer 14

Administer o2
Encourage cough and deep breathing
Suction 
May need respiratory treatment 
ET tube if co2 is above 50mmhg

Question 15

Normal pH

Answer 15

7.35-7.45

Question 16

Normal paco2

Answer 16

35-45, reflects the effectiveness of alveolar ventilation

Question 17

Normal pao2

Answer 17

75-100, reflects the efficiency of gas exchange

Question 18

Hyperventilation

Answer 18

PACO2 less than 30mmhg, person has blown off excess co2

Question 19

Hypoventilation

Answer 19

PACO2 greater than 50mmhg, person is not excreting enough co2

Question 20

Normal hc03

Answer 20

22-26

Question 21

Hemoptysis

Answer 21

Blood from respiratory system. bright red, frothy and aklaline (pH greater than 7)

Question 22

Hematemesis

Answer 22

Blood from stomach, dark, coffee grounds, acidic (pH less than 7)

Question 23

Bronchophony

Answer 23

Auscultate posterior chest, voice should be soft and muffled

Question 24

Egophony

Answer 24

Evaluates intensity of spoken voice

Question 25

Whispered Pectoriloquy

Answer 25

Performed when + bronchophony. Pt whispers, sound should be faint and muffled.

Question 26

Absent breath sounds

Answer 26

Related to infection, fluid related to heart failure, pneumonia or pleual effusion

Question 27

Atelectasis

Answer 27

incomplete lung expansion or collapse of alveoli