Respiratory 1 Flashcards
State the functions of the respiratory system
Gas exchange: (O2 is added to blood from air + CO2 is removed from blood to air
Acid base balance: regulates body pH
Protection against infection
Communication via speech
What systems are involved in external respiration?
respiratory and cardiovascular system
Pulmonary artery + Pulmonary vein function
Pulmonary artery: travels away from the heart
Pulomary vein: Travels towards the heart
Describe pulmonary circulation
Delivers deoxygenated blood to the lungs and picks up O2 from it
Describe systemic circulation
Delivers oxygenated blood from lungs to the to tissues of the body
State the average volume of O2 and CO2 exchanged at rest
250ml O2 (consumed) 200ml CO2 (produced)
State the breathing rate at rest and during excercise
10-20 breaths/min at rest
40-45 breaths/min during excercise in adults
Right primary bronchi vs left bronchi
Right primary bronchus is wider and shorter and more likely to get trapped foreign bodies, Wheras the left bronchus is longer and more narrow.
Where does gas exchange occur?
Alveoli
Where is cartilage present in the airways?
Larnyx-Trachea-primaru bronchi-secondary bronchus
Where is cartilage not present in the airways?
Bronchioles-alveoli
Effect of contraction of airway branching
Decreases diameter and increases resistance
Effect of relaxation of airway branching
Relaxation increases diameter and decreases reistance
State features of the alveoli
- site of gas exchange between lungs and gas
- thin walls ( 1 cell thick)
- large surface area enhances function
What is the anatomical dead space?
The air in the airways located in the upper airways
