Respiration - f Flashcards
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Define the term respiration
The chemical process that takes place in our cells to release energy from sugars (glucose)
What’s the difference between breathing and respiration
Breathing happens in the lungs, respiration happens in the cells
What is respiration that doesn’t use oxygen known as?
Anaerobic respiration
What are some examples of what we use respiration for?
- Keep warm
- Contract muscles
- Make proteins, DNA and lipids
- Power active transport of substances across membranes
What are the two types of respiration?
Aerobic and anaerobic respiration
What happens in aerobic respiration?
- Doesn’t use oxygen
- Glucose is fully broken down
-Produces more ATP - Occurs in the mitochondria
- Used by most plant and animal cells
- Products are harmless
What happens in anaerobic respiration?
- Doesn’t use oxygen
- Glucose is only partially broken down
- Produced les ATP (about 1/20th)
- Occurs in the cytoplasm
- One or more products are toxic at high concentrations
- A backup process for obtaining energy in most organisms
What happens during respiration in terms of ATP?
During respiration, energy stored in the covalent bonds in glucose is transferred to molecules of adenosine triphosphate
What is ATP?
Little bitesize bits of energy that provides energy for cells
Formula aerobic respiration in humans
Glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water
Formula anaerobic respiration in humans
Glucose -> lactic acid
Why is anaerobic respiration carried out in humans
Used when not enough oxygen is used is available for aerobic respiration to be carried out fast enough to deliver all the energy that is needed.
Describe an example of when anaerobic respiration can be used in humans
In muscle cells, when vigorous exercise requires more energy than can be provided by an increased supply of oxygen from deeper, faster breathing and faster heart rate
Name three ways we can detect if respiration is occurring?
- Calcium hydroxide
- Hydrogen carbonate indicator
- Temperature rise
