Respiration and Photosynthesis (+ key terms) Flashcards
What do plants need energy for?
Photosynthesis
Active transport
DNA replication
Cell division and protein synthesis
What do animals need energy for?
Muscle contractions
Body temperature
Active transport
DNA replication
Cell division
Protein synthesis
What is photosynthesis?
The process where energy is converted from light is used to make glucose from water and carbon dioxide
What is the equation of photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide + water + energy = glucose + oxygen
What is respiration?
The process when plant and animal cells release energy from glucose
What is aerobic respiration and what does it produce?
Respiration using oxygen.
Produces carbon dioxide and water, and releases energy
What is anaerobic respiration and what does it produce in plants and animals?
Respiration without using oxygen
In plants & yeast - produces ethanol and carbon dioxide and releases energy
In animals - produces lactate and releases energy
What is ATP?
The immediate source of energy in a cell
Explain the properties of ATP
- Stores and releases manageable amounts of energy
- Quickly re-made
- Small molecule (easily transported around cell)
- Makes other molecules (phosphorylation)
- Easily broken
- Can’t pass out of cell (so cell always has an immediate source of energy)
What is phosphorylation?
Adding phosphate to a molecule
What is photophosphorylation?
Adding phosphate using light
What is photolysis?
Splitting of a molecule using light
What is photoionisation?
When light energy ‘excites’ electrons in an atom giving them more energy causing them to be released
What is decarboxylation?
Removal of carbon dioxide
What is dehydrogenation?
Removal of hydrogen
