Respiration And Circulation

Question 1

Gas exchange at alveoli

Answer 1

Oxygen has been removed by working muscles so concentration of blood is low = low partial pressure.
Oxygen diffuses from alveoli

Question 2

Gaseous exchange at the muscles

Answer 2

Oxygen diffuses from the blood capillary to muscle cells - high to low concentration.
Carbon dioxide diffuses from the muscle cell to blood capillary - high to low concentration

Question 3

Risks from smoking

Answer 3

Cancers 
Leukaemia 
Gum infection 
Heart disease 
Reduced fertility

Question 4

Benefits of quitting smoking

Answer 4

Chances of getting a cancer reduces massively
Peripheral artery disease goes down after quitting
Ulcer risk drops after quitting

Question 5

What is cilia

Answer 5

Microscopic hair like projections that help to sleep away fluids and particles

Question 6

What is COPD?

Answer 6

A chronic and debilitating disease and is name for a collection of diseases such as emphysema.

Question 7

Main cause of COPD?

Answer 7

Smoking, progressive disease of lungs that causes shortness of breathe

Question 8

Impact of smoking on respiratory system

Answer 8

Reduces lung function and increases breathlessness caused by swelling and narrowing of lung airways.
Causes damage to cells lining the trachea
Alveoli is damaged which reduces efficiency of gaseous exchange
Excess mucus builds up in lungs which leads to smokers cough

Question 9

What happens to levels of oxygen and co2 during gaseous exchange?

Answer 9

You inspire more oxygen at rest than when you expire at rest.
You expire less air during exercise than when at rest by 2.4%.
You expire more co2 at rest than you do inspire at rest.
During exercise you expire the most co2

Question 10

The bigger the gradient of diffusion…

Answer 10

The faster diffusion occurs

Question 11

At the alveoli and muscles do the both go down pressure gradient

Answer 11

Yes