RESPIRATION AND CHEST TRAUMA Flashcards
A NON SHARP OR PENETRATING OBJECT FLYING INTO THE CHEST CAUSES THIS KIND OF INJURY
BLUNT TRAUM
PROJECTILE THAT ENTERS THE CHEST CAUSING A SMALL OR LARGE HOLE IS WHAT KIND OF TRAUMA?
PENETRATING TRAUMA
CHEST IS CAUGHT BETWEEN TWO OBJECTS
COMPRESSION INJURY
OF ALL THE TYPES OF INJURIES TO THE CHEST. THIS ONE IS A LETHAL DISRUPTION IN THE HEARTS RHYTHM DUE TO A HIGH FORCE STRIKE OF THE CHEST.
COMMOTIO CORDIS
PRESENT IN 20% OF CHEST INJURIES
- DIVIDED INTO:
- SIMPLE
- OPEN
- TENSION
DEALS WITH AIR ENTERING THE PLEURAL SPACE
PNEUMOTHORAX
A PATIENT COMES IN AFTER A FALL FROM SHAFT ALLEY. HE REPORTS CHEST PAIN, DIFFICULTY BREATHING, AND IS TACHYCARDIC. WHEN YOU LISTEN TO HIS LUNGS YOU HEAR NO BREATH SOUNDS ON THE AFFECTED SIDE.
PNEUMOTHORAX
THIS PNEUMOTHORAX IS CLOSED AND USUALLY DUE TO A RIB FRACTURE.
SIMPLE
PNEUMOTHORAX CAUSED BY A PROJECTILE
OPEN
A PERSON WHO HAS RED BUBBLES ON EXHALATION FROM A WOUND TO THE CHEST (SUCKING CHEST WOUND)
OPEN PNEUMO
TREATMENT OF A SIMPLE PNEUMO?
IV
O2
MONITOR FOR PROGRESSION INTO SHOCK/ TENSION PNEUMO
MEDEVAC
MANAGEMENT OF AN OPEN PNEUMO:
CLOSE THE HOLE WITH AN OCCLUSIVE DRESSING.
CONSIDER E.T. INTUBATION WITH POS PRESSURE VENT SUPPORT.
YOU PLACE AN OCCLUSIVE DRESSING OVER AN OPEN PNEUMO AND NOTICE OVER TIME THAT THE PATIENT IS SHOWING RESPIRATORY DISTRESS. WHAT SSHOUD YOU DO NEXT?
OPEN THE DRESSING TO ALLOW THE AIR TO RELEASE.
START CONSIDERING NEEDLE D / CHEST TUBE
WHAT IS THE DIFINITIVE TREATMENT FOR A TENSION PNEUMO.
CHEST TUBE
THREE CRITERIA FOR USING A NEEDLE D
WORSENING DIFFICULTY WITH A BVM
DECREASED/ABSENT LUNG SOUNDS
BP <90MMHG SHOWING DECOMPENSATED SHOCK.
COMPLICATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH NEEDLE D
DEVELOPING A HEMOTHORAX
CELLULITIS FROM BACTERIA EXPOSURE
AIR EMBOLISM
GUAGE OF NEEDLE FOR USE OF NEEDLE D.
10-16G
ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS FOR A NEEDLE D.
MID CLAV LINE
2ND RIB
2ND OR 3RD INTERCOSTAL SPACE
A NEEDLE D IS INSERTED AT WHAT ANGLE AND FOLLOWS ABOVE OR BELOW THE RIB?
INSERTED AT 90 DEGREES AND FOLLOWS OVER THE RIB NOT BELOW THE RIB.
A HEMO THORAX CAN HAVE ALL THE SAME SIGNS OF AN OPEN PNEUMO EXEPT YOU MIGHT SEE WHAT GIVE AWAYS?
FLAT NECK VEINS
FROTHY BLOODY SPUTUM
WHAT IS THE MANAGEMENT OF A HEMOTHORAX?
IV
O2
MONITOR
TREAT FOR SHOCK
MEDEVAC
CHEST TUBE SIZE IN AN ADULT/TEEN MALE:
ADULT/TEEN FEMALE:
28-32 FR FOR MALE
28 FR FOR FEMALE
18 FR FOR CHILDREN
WHAT INTERCOSTAL SPACE WILL YOU AIM FOR A CHEST TUBE AN HOW BIG OF A CUT WILL YOU INCISE?
5TH INTERCOSTAL SPACE AFTER MAKING A 2-4 CM INCISION
A CHEST TUBE DRESSING SHOULD BE CHANGED OUT EVERY
24 HOURS
THE BREAKING OF RIBS IN 2 OR MORE ADJACENT AREAS.
FLAIL CHEST