Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

breathing and exchange of gases > respiration and breathing > Flashcards

respiration and breathing Flashcards

1
Q

% of Co2 in exhaled air ?

A

4.4-5 %

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Conclude respiration.

A

oxidation of food (glucose)to produce energy (atp)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

explain external respiration

A

exchange of gases between pulmonary capillaries coming from heart and alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

breathing is a ____________ process and respiration is a ____________ process .

A

physical , biochemical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

which gas in inhaled and exhaled air is in same amount ?

A

nitrogen (78%) and other gases except co2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

% reduction in oxygen exhaled wrt oxygen inhaled

A

5-6%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

respiratory organ in reptiles

A

lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

open space is called

A

sinus / cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

largest cartilage in larynx

A

thyroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

External respiration is between alveoli and which capillary ?

A

pulmonary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Breathing is a physical process which depends on what ?

A

P-V changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which cartilage develops to form Adam’s apple ?

A

thyroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When men hit puberty their vocal cords become ___ and ____ due to testosterone secretion .

A

thick , prominent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When men hit puberty their vocal cords become thick and prominent due to secretion of which hormone ?

A

testosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Uvula prevents entry of food into which cavity ?

A

nasal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

thyroid cartilage is made up of which cartilage ?

A

hyaline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

thyroid cartilage is dorsally complete or not ?

A

not i.e. its dorsally incomplete

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

ring shaped cartilage in larynx

A

cricoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

respiratory organs in amphibians

A

lungs, gills, buccopharyngeal membrane and skin .

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Paired pyramid shaped cartilage in larynx

A

arytenoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

other name of larynx

A

sound / voice box

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

other name of diaphragm

A

phrenic muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Number of cartilages in larynx

A

9
3 unpaired - thyroid , cricoid and epiglottis .
3 paired - arytenoid , cuniform and corniculate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Name the respiratory organ of earthworm

A

moist skin /cuticle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage join through which membrane ?

A

thyrohyoid membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Larynx is located on which side of the neck ?

A

anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

How does moist skin facilitate breathing ?

A

becoz atmospheric air easily passes in thru moist surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Gills are the respiratory organs in which organisms ?

A

fishes, aquatic arthropods and molluscs .

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

GBS is found as a respiratory organ in which organism ?

A

SPONGES , COELENTRETA AND PLATYHELMINTHES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

FOUR STEPS OF RESPIRATION

A

BREATHING
External respiration
Internal respiration
Cellular respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

FEMALES HAVE A LOW AMPLITUDE OF VOICE BECOZ

A

unlike males their vocal cord doesnot develop to become more thick and prominent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Exhaled air has more % of which gas to make it harmful to our body if not disposed ?

A

CO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Cricoid cartilage is made up of which cartilage

A

HYALINE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

cartilage of santorini is made up of which cartilage .

A

elastic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

benefit of moist skin or cuticle in respiration when it comes to breathing from atmospheric air

A

moist skin facilitates passage of air / diffusion of air through moist skin is easy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Animals with GBS as their respiratory organ have which habitat ?

A

Aquatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Amplitude relates to

A

loudness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

A bone that does not articulate with any other bone in the body is

A

hyoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

does respiratory tract have a posterior opening ?

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Largest cartilage of larynx in terms of size

A

thyroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

larynx is a ___ structure

A

cartilagenous (9 CARTILAGES IN TOTAL )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Adams apple is thickening of which cartilage ?

A

thyroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

LOW PITCHED FREQUENCY OF VOICE IS IN CASE OF TESTOSTERONE ABSENCE OR SECRETION ?

A

HIGH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

what happens to vocal cords when we hit puberty ?

A

they grow , enhance and come into force .

44
Q

Why do males and females sound different ?

A

coz size of their vocal cord differs and so does its structure

45
Q

Name two types of vocal cords

A

false and true

46
Q

does true vocal cord help in phonetics

A

yes

47
Q

false vocal cords help in what ?

A

moisturizing true vocal cords

48
Q

false vocal cord is present ______ to true vocal cord .

A

anterior

49
Q

true vocal cords are made up of which CT ?

A

yellow fibrous CT

50
Q

which cartilage is dorsally complete ?

A

cricoid

51
Q

shape of arytenoid cartilage

A

pyramid

52
Q

other name of cartilage of santorini

A

corniculate

52
Q

cartilage present below thyroid cartilage

A

cricoid

53
Q

length of trachea

A

10-12 cm

54
Q

number of rings present on windpipe

A

16 - 20

55
Q

trachea divides in primary bronchi at which level of vertebrae

A

T5

56
Q

outside of trachea is made up of _______ which helps trachea during breathing wrt contraction and relaxation .

A

smooth muscle

57
Q

trachea divides into bronchi at what length of thorax

A

1/2

58
Q

portion of trachea inside thoracic cavity

A

1/2

59
Q

cilia present in trachea beats which way and why

A

outwards to throw out impurities if any

60
Q

Why are c shaped cartilaginous rings present in trachea

A

to prevent its collapse during exhalation, to save ATP during inspiration and to provide a lil flexibility wrt variable amount of air breathed in .

61
Q

Water and mucus secretion is done by which gland in trachea ?

A

sero- mucous gland

62
Q

incomplete c shaped rings on trachea are made up of which cartilage

A

hyaline

63
Q

conducting zone of respiratory tact

A

from nostrils to terminal bronchioles does sonly conduction and no exchange

64
Q

respiratory zone of respiratory tract

A

respiratory bronchioles to alveoli - does exchange of gases

65
Q

trachea comes under conducting or respiratory zone ?

A

conducting

66
Q

the last structure of respiratory tract with rings ?

A

initial bronchioles

67
Q

are rings present in terminal bronchioles

A

no

68
Q

colour of the lungs of a new born baby

A

pinkish

69
Q

colour of the lungs of a normal adult

A

brownish slightly black lungs (due to breathing pollutants overtime )

70
Q

colour of the lungs of a smoking adult

A

blackish deflated lungs

71
Q

empty space between two lungs is called what ?

A

mediastinum

72
Q

mediastinum accommodates which two organs

A

thymus and heart

73
Q

are muscles present in lungs ? is lung a muscular structure

A

no

74
Q

how does left lung accommodate heart ?

A

cardiac knotch

75
Q

lungs are surrounded by which membrane ?

A

pleural (visceral , parietal and pleural cavity )

76
Q

Function of pleural fluid

A

reduce friction , lubrication and shock absorber

77
Q

condition of excess pleural fluid

A

pleural effusion

78
Q

pleura in direct contact with ribcage

A

parietal

79
Q

pleura in direct contact with lungs

A

visceral

80
Q

which pleura covers the thoracic cavity ?

A

parietal

81
Q

characteristic feature of mammals is presence of which muscle ?

A

phrenic

81
Q

which pleura covers the pulmonary cavity ?

A

visceral

82
Q

size of which lung is bigger

A

left

83
Q

which lung has more volume and number of lobes ?

A

right

84
Q

lobes in left lung

A

2 - superior , inferior (oblique fissure )

85
Q

lobes in right lung

A

3 - superior , inferior and medial (oblique fissure and horizontal fissure )

86
Q

number of alveoli combining both lungs

A

300 million (although not equally distributed among both lungs )

87
Q

site of gaseous exchange in lungs

A

alveoli

88
Q

cells of alveoli and their types

A

pneumocytes - type - I and II

89
Q

FUCNTION OF TYPE I PNEUMOCYTE

A

Lines the alveolar wall and participates in gaseous exchange thru diffusion

90
Q

FUCNTION OF TYPE II PNEUMOCYTE

A

secretes lecithin

91
Q

what is lecithin ? what does it do ?

A

its a phospholipid which acts as a surfactant to reduce the surface tension between air and alveolar epithelium so as to prevent alveolar collapse

92
Q

when does lecithin form and line the alveoli in normal humans having a 9 month gestation period ?

A

at the seventh month pf embryonic development

93
Q

type I pneumocytes are which cells ?

A

simple sq epi cells hence very thin and small

94
Q

who kills microbes inside alveoli

A

macrophages

95
Q

in order to be able to enter or exit the blood how many barriers have to be crossed by the gas ?

A

3 (alveolar epi , basement substance and endothelium )

96
Q

basement substance comprises of what all in respiratory membrane of alveoli

A

basement membrane of alveoli and basement membrane of endothelium

97
Q

thickness of alveolar exchange surface is

A

0.2 mm

98
Q

is basement substance a cellular or acellular secretion

A

acellular

99
Q

why not simply fill the lungs why have alveoli

A

to increase SA and meet the demand of the body wrt gaseous exchange

99
Q

to facilitate exchange the exchange surface is thin and ______ .

A

highly moist

100
Q

what is atelactasis ?

A

alveolar collapse due to insufficient surfactant

101
Q

who r prone to atelactasis ?

A

smokers and premature babies

102
Q

for the lecithin to produce and line the type i pneumocytes of alveoli in pre mature babies what’s done ?

A

steroids to trigger lecithin production is given so once it is produced the alveoli is covered from it

103
Q

endothelium is made up of which type of cell

A

simple squamous epi

104
Q
A
105
Q
A

breathing and exchange of gases (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions