Respiration Flashcards
Respiration is the release of chemical energy stored in
glucose
Respiration occurs in
all cells
Respiration is a series of
enzyme controlled reactions
The energy released from the breakdown of glucose can generate
ATP
ATP is required for
cellular processes (eg cell division, muscle contraction, protein synthesis…)
At the start of respiration, glucose is broken down to
two molecules of PYRUVATE
The first stage of respiration does not require
oxygen
Aerobic respiration can only take place when
oxygen is available
In aerobic respiration, pyruvate is converted into
carbon dioxide and water
Aerobic respiration produces a large number of
ATP molecules
The fermentation pathway takes place when
oxygen is NOT available
Fermentation in animal cells produces
lactate (+ 2ATP)
Fermentation in plant and yeast cells produces
ethanol + carbon dioxide (+ 2ATP)
Respiration always begins in the
cytoplasm of the cell
Aerobic respiration is completed in the
mitochondria
