Respiration

Question 1

Define respiration

Answer 1

A chemical reaction that occurs in living cells

Question 2

What components do respiration require?

Answer 2

Glucose and oxygen

Question 3

What are the products of respiration?

Answer 3

Carbon dioxide, water and energy in the form of ATP

Question 4

Respiration IS NOT

Answer 4

BREATHING

Question 5

All living organisms..

Answer 5

Respire - it is 1 of 7 life processes

Question 6

What is the word equation for respiration?

Answer 6

Oxygen + glucose –> carbon dioxide + water + energy

Question 7

What is the balanced chemical equation of respiration?

Answer 7

6O2 + C6H12O6 –> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy

Question 8

What are the uses of energy released from respiration?

Answer 8

• Provides heat (maintains human body temp at 37)
• Allows movement (muscle contractions)
• Growth requires energy
• Reproduction requires energy
• Process of active transport uses energy to move molecules against the concentration gradient

Question 9

Respiration uses oxygen so

Answer 9

We breathe in more oxygen than we breathe out (21% -> 16%)

Question 10

Respiration produces carbon dioxide so we

Answer 10

Breathe out more carbon dioxide than we breathe in (0.04% -> 3%)

Question 11

How can the relative amount of carbon dioxide be determined?

Answer 11

Bicarbonate indicator of limewater

Question 12

What happens to limewater when CO2 levels are increased?

Answer 12

Limewater changes from clear to cloudy

Question 13

What is the colour change for bicarbonate indicator with increased CO2 levels?

Answer 13

Red/orange to orange/yellow

Question 14

What % of oxygen do we inhale?

Answer 14

21%

Question 15

How much oxygen do we exhale?

Answer 15

16%

Question 16

How much CO2 do we inhale?

Answer 16

0.04%

Question 17

How much CO2 do we exhale?

Answer 17

4%

Question 18

How much nitrogen do we inhale?

Answer 18

79%

Question 19

How much nitrogen do we exhale?

Answer 19

79%

Question 20

How much water vapour do we inhale?

Answer 20

Variable

Question 21

How much water vapour do we exhale?

Answer 21

Always higher

Question 22

What is the temperature of inhaled air?

Answer 22

Variable

Question 23

What is the temperature of exhaled air?

Answer 23

Always higher

Question 24

Wha my is the function of the nasal cavity?

Answer 24

Contains many small hairs to filter air arriving into the body.
The presence of many blood vessels also warms the air

Question 25

Hat is the function of the trachea?

Answer 25

Carries air to the lungs. | Held open by rings of cartilage

Question 26

What is the function of the bronchus?

Answer 26

These are branches of the trachea , each branch delivers air to a lung. Also held open by cartilage

Question 27

What is the function of bronchioles?

Answer 27

These are smaller air tubes that form from branches of the bronchi. Ensures air is delivered to all parts of the lung

Question 28

What are the function of lungs?

Answer 28

These are the large organs where air enters and exits as we breathe

Question 29

What is the function of alveoli?

Answer 29

Microscopic air sacs found at the end of bronchioles. | They are the sites of gas exchange

Question 30

What is the function of the diaphragm?

Answer 30

A large sheet of muscle that moves in order to change the volume inside the chest cavity (thorax)

Question 31

What is the function of ribs?

Answer 31

Form a rigid protective cage around he lungs and other organs protecting them from harm

Question 32

What is the function of intercostal muscles?

Answer 32

Muscle found between the ribs that allow them to move during breathing

Question 33

What is the function of pleural membranes and fluid?

Answer 33

The membrane surround the lungs and contain a fluid. | They ensure that friction is minimised during breathing

Question 34

What happens to the diaphragm when we inhale?

Answer 34

Contracts and flattens

Question 35

What happens to the intercostal muscles when we inhale?

Answer 35

Intercostal muscles contract raising the rib cage

Question 36

What happens to the volume of the chest cavity when we inhale?

Answer 36

It increases

Question 37

What happens to the pressure in the chest cavity when we inhale?

Answer 37

Decreases

Question 38

What happens to air when we inhale?

Answer 38

Air rushes in filling the lungs

Question 39

What happens to the diaphragm when we exhale?

Answer 39

Relaxes and returns to domed position

Question 40

What happens to the intercostal muscle when we exhale?

Answer 40

They relax and the rib cage falls down and in

Question 41

What happens to the volume of the heat cavity when we exhale?

Answer 41

Decreases

Question 42

What happens to the pressure of the chest cavity when we exhale?

Answer 42

Increases

Question 43

What happens to air when we exhale?

Answer 43

Air is forced out

Question 44

What at the key differences between the model lung and the respiratory system?

Answer 44

- The balloons of the model don't represent the alveoli of he lungs or pleural fluid and membranes that surround them - The glass jar can't move unlike the rib cage of the respiratory system