Respiration Flashcards
What are the events involved in inhalation?
The diaphragm lowers and the ribs move up and out, increasing the size of the chest cavity and lowering air pressure. Air moved from outside (high pressure) into the lungs (low pressure).
In what direction does oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse between the alveoli and blood.
Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood. Carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood to the alveoli.
What is the function of the larynx?
The larynx is the voice box.
When exhaling, where does air pass after the bronchi?
From the bronchi, air passes to the trachea.
What is the function of the nasal passages in respiration?
The nasal passages filter, warm and moisten the air being inhaled.
What are the events involved in exhalation?
The ribs move down and in, the diaphragm rises, decreasing the size of the chest cavity and increasing air pressure. Air moves out of the lungs to lower air pressure.
What structures carry air to and from each lung?
The right and left bronchi lead to each lung.
What structure does both food and air pass through?
The pharynx or the throat.
What is the path of air moving from the outside to the alveoli?
Nasal passage, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli.
How does the gas concentrations of air compare between inhalation and exhalation?
Oxygen concentration decreases and carbon dioxide levels increase. Water and nitrogen levels remain constant.
When oxygen enters the blood in the lung, where does or go?
The oxygenated blood travel to the heart through the pulmonary vein and then to rest of the body.
What are alveoli?
Alveoli are tiny air sacs found in the lungs through which gas exchange takes place.
How are the alveoli of the respiratory system and the capillaries of the circulatory system related?
Capillaries surround each alveolus allowing for the diffusion of gases through the thin walls of each.
What part of the brain controls breathing ?
The medulla oblongata.
How does the nicotine of tobacco affect the body?
Nicotine increase heart rate and blood pressure.
