Respiration

Question 1

Word equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 1

Glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water

Question 2

Describe examples of life processes that require energy from respiration

Answer 2

Muscle contraction
Protein synthesis
Control of body temperature in mammals

Question 3

Explain why breathing and pulse rate increase during exercise

Answer 3

To deliver oxygen and glucose to the cells in their muscles more quickly, this increase helps to remove carbon dioxide produced during respiration more quickly

Question 4

Describe am experiment to measure resting pulse rate and recovery time after exercise

Answer 4

Measure your resting rate immediately after exercise. Then measure it every minute until it returns to normal - the time taken to do this is called your recovery time.

Question 5

Balanced symbol equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 5

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ →6CO₂ + 6H₂O

Question 6

Equation for RQ

Answer 6

RQ = carbon dioxide produced / oxygen used

Question 7

What is the energy provided by respiration need for?

Answer 7

All life processes in plants and animals

Question 8

Explain why anaerobic respiration takes place during hard exercise in addition to aerobic respiration

Answer 8

Because it occurs when the muscles are working so hard that the lungs and circulatory system cannot deliver enough oxygen to break down all the available glucose through aerobic respiration.

Question 9

What does respiration result in?

Answer 9

The production of ATO which is used as the energy source for many processes in cells

Question 10

What does anaerobic respiration produce?

Answer 10

Lactic acid which accumulates in muscles causing pain and fatigue

Question 11

Word equation for anaerobic respiration

Answer 11

Glucose -> lactic acid

Question 12

How much energy does anaerobic release?

Answer 12

Much less energy per glucose than aerobic respiration

Question 13

Explain fatigue in terms of lactic acid build up (oxygen debt) and how this is removed during recovery

Answer 13

• hard exercise causing lack of oxygen in cells
• the incomplete breakdown of glucose
• continued panting replacing oxygen allowing aerobic respiration
• increased heart rate ensuring that blood carries lactic acid away to the liver

Question 14

Explain why the rate of respiration is influenced by changes in temperature and pH

Answer 14

Because respiration is a series of enzyme-controlled reactions

Question 15

Explain how the rate of oxygen consumption can be used as an estimate of metabolic rate

Answer 15

Because aerobic respiration requires oxygen