Respiration Flashcards
What is ATP?
ATP (adenosine-triphosphate) is the molecule in our food that contains the energy living things use for many different processes.
What is respiration?
The chemical process in which glucose from food is turned into biochemical energy for our bodies to use.
What is aerobic respiration?
Changing glucose into energy using oxygen. It occurs in the mitochondria of cells (eukaryotes).
What are the word and balanced symbol equations for respiration?
Glucose+Oxygen→Energy+Carbon Dioxide+Water
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → Energy + 6CO2 + 6H2O
How can you measure respiration rate?
Method one:
- measure the amount of oxygen taken in → the more used up = the faster the rate.
Method two:
- measure the rate at which carbon dioxide is produced → higher rate = higher respiration rate.
What is Respiratory Quotient?
Respiratory quotient (RQ) is the result of diving the carbon dioxide used during respiration by the oxygen used. It can be used to determine the types of molecules used in respiration.
What is metabolic rate?
The rate at which energy is used by the body. It has been described as the sum of all reactions occurring in the body.
What does a high metabolic rate mean?
There is a high respiration rate and therefore the body needs more oxygen.
How does a very high temperature and extreme PH levels affect metabolism?
They slow it down and eventually stop it. This is because the reactions occurring during metabolism are controlled by enzymes. High temperatures and high or low PHs denature enzymes.
How does a very low temperature affect metabolism?
It slows it down and can stop it. This is because the enzymes controlling the reactions within metabolism are not receiving enough energy to successfully collide.
What is anaerobic respiration?
The process of turning glucose from food into biochemical energy without using oxygen.
Why does anaerobic respiration occur?
During exercise, even though our breathing and heart rate increase, our muscle cells do often not receive enough oxygen for aerobic respiration.
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration?
Glucose → Lactic Acid + Energy
Why is aerobic respiration better than anaerobic respiration?
- Anaerobic respiration causes lactic acid to build up in our muscles which causes pain and fatigue.
- Aerobic respiration produces more energy per glucose molecule than anaerobic respiration.
What is an oxygen debt?
The incomplete breakdown of glucose resulting in the build up of lactic acid/ the debt of oxygen that builds up in the body when demand for oxygen is greater than supply.
