Resp HW 1d

Question 1

Abnormal breath sounds associated with pneumonia and congestive heart failure are MOST often heard in the:
Choose one answer.
	 A. right middle lobe.  	
	 B. bases of the lungs.  	
	 C. apices of the lungs.  	
	 D. midaxillary line.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

A patient who is coughing up thick pulmonary secretions should NOT take:
Choose one answer.
	 A. a diuretic.  	
	 B. antihistamines.  	
	 C. an antitussive.  	
	 D. bronchodilators.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

You would MOST likely observe a grossly low respiratory rate and volume in a patient who overdosed on:
Choose one answer.
	 A. LSD.  	
	 B. ibuprofen.  	
	 C. Prozac.  	
	 D. heroin.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The barrel-chest appearance classically seen in emphysemic patients is secondary to:
Choose one answer.
	 A. widespread atelectasis.  	
	 B. chest wall hypertrophy.  	
	 C. air trapping in the lungs.  	
	 D. carbon dioxide retention.

Answer 4

C

Question 5

The mainstem bronchus ends at the level of the:
Choose one answer.
	 A. lobar bronchi.  	
	 B. bronchioles.  	
	 C. segmental bronchi.  	
	 D. subsegmental bronchi.

Answer 5

B

Question 6

What function do the nasal turbinates serve?
Choose one answer.
A. Separating the left and right nostrils
B. Warming and humidifying inhaled air
C. Decreasing the surface area of the nasopharynx
D. Secreting mucus that traps viruses and bacteria

Answer 6

B

Question 7

You are dispatched to a residence for a young woman with difficulty breathing. When you arrive, you find the patient sitting in a tripod position, noticeably dyspneic and tachypneic. She tells you that she experienced a sudden sharp pain to the left side of her chest and then started having trouble breathing. She denies any past medical history and states that she only takes birth control pills. Based on this patient's clinical presentation, you should be MOST suspicious for:
Choose one answer.
	 A. a pleural effusion.  	
	 B. spontaneous pneumothorax.  	
	 C. acute pulmonary embolism  	
	 D. hyperventilation syndrome.

Answer 7

C

Question 8

Bedridden patients with excessive pulmonary secretions are MOST prone to developing:
Choose one answer.
	 A. pneumonia.  	
	 B. bronchospasm.  	
	 C. a pneumothorax.  	
	 D. a pulmonary embolism.

Answer 8

A

Question 9

A sudden increase in end-tidal CO2 may be the earliest indicator of:
Choose one answer.
A. ineffective chest compressions.
B. inadvertent ET tube dislodgment.
C. return of spontaneous circulation.
D. developing respiratory alkalosis.

Answer 9

C

Question 10

On either side of the glottis, tissue forms a pocket called the:
Choose one answer.
	 A. vallecula.  	
	 B. piriform fossae.  	
	 C. cuneiform cartilage.  	
	 D. hypopharyngeal space.

Answer 10

B

Question 11

Cor pulmonale is defined as:
Choose one answer.
A. increased preload caused by severe hypertension.
B. left heart failure secondary to mitral valve damage.
C. rupture of the alveoli due to increased surface tension.
D. right heart failure secondary to chronic lung disease.

Answer 11

D

Question 12

If a patient's hemoglobin level is 8 g/dL due to hemorrhage and all of the hemoglobin molecules are attached to oxygen, the patient's oxygen saturation would MOST likely read:
Choose one answer.
	 A. above 95%.  	
	 B. between 90% and 95%  	
	 C. between 85% and 90%.  	
	 D. significantly lower than 85%.

Answer 12

A

Question 13

Patients with COPD typically experience an acute exacerbation of their condition because of:
Choose one answer.
A. a secondary condition such as congestive heart failure or a pneumothorax.
B. progressively worsening pneumonia that results in a diminished cough reflex.
C. chronic noncompliance with their prescribed medications and home oxygen.
D. environmental changes such as weather or the inhalation of trigger substances.

Answer 13

D

Question 14

A pulse oximetry reading would be LEAST accurate in a patient:
Choose one answer.
	 A. with chronic hypoxia.  	
	 B. whose extremities are cool.  	
	 C. with persistent tachycardia.  	
	 D. with poor peripheral perfusion.

Answer 14

D

Question 15

Inspiratory and expiratory\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ sounds are both loud, but the inspiratory sounds are shorter than the expiratory sounds.
Choose one answer.
	 A. tracheal  	
	 B. bronchial  	
	 C. vesicular  	
	 D. bronchovesicular

Answer 15

B

Question 16

Paradoxical respiratory movement is characterized by:
Choose one answer.
A. the epigastrium and thorax moving in opposite directions.
B. bulging of the intercostal muscles during deep inhalation.
C. pulling upward of the suprasternal notch during inhalation.
D. a marked decrease in movement in one of the hemithoraces.

Answer 16

A

Question 17

COPD is characterized by:
Choose one answer.
A. narrowing of the smaller airways that is often reversible with prompt treatment.
B. changes in pulmonary structure and function that are progressive and irreversible.
C. small airway spasms during the inhalation phase, resulting in progressive hypoxia.
D. widespread alveolar collapse due to increased pressure during the exhalation phase.

Answer 17

B

Question 18

An otherwise healthy adult whose normal hemoglobin level is 12 to 14 g/dL typically will begin to exhibit cyanosis when:
Choose one answer.
A. hemoglobin levels fall below 12 g/dL.
B. about 5 g/dL of hemoglobin is desaturated.
C. his or her oxygen saturation falls below 50%.
D. 10% of his or her hemoglobin is desaturated.

Answer 18

B

Question 19

A patient with respiratory distress who is willing to lie flat:
Choose one answer.
	 A. should be intubated at once.  	
	 B. may be acutely deteriorating.  	
	 C. has minimal fluid in the lungs.  	
	 D. likely has basilar pneumonia.

Answer 19

B

Question 20

What type of medication dries secretions in the airway and prevents the cilia from removing them effectively?
Choose one answer.
	 A. Diuretic  	
	 B. Antibiotic  	
	 C. Antipyretic  	
	 D. Antihistamine

Answer 20

D

Question 21

Polycythemia is a condition in which:
Choose one answer.
A. excess red blood cells are produced in response to chronic hypoxia.
B. an abundance of red blood cells causes severe thinning of the blood.
C. fewer red blood cells are produced, resulting in decreased oxygenation.
D. increased platelet production causes the blood to become abnormally thick.

Answer 21

A

Question 22

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ respirations are characterized by a grossly irregular pattern of breathing that may be accompanied by lengthy periods of apnea.
Choose one answer.
	 A. Biot  	
	 B. Agonal  	
	 C. Eupneic  	
	 D. Cheyne-Stokes

Answer 22

A

Question 23

The \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ cartilage forms a complete ring and maintains the trachea in an open position.
Choose one answer.
	 A. cricoid  	
	 B. thyroid  	
	 C. arytenoid  	
	 D. laryngeal

Answer 23

A

Question 24

You respond to the residence of an elderly man with severe COPD. You recognize the address because you have responded there numerous times in the recent past. You find the patient, who is clearly emaciated, seated in his recliner. He is on oxygen via nasal cannula, is semiconscious, and is breathing inadequately. The patient’s daughter tells you that her father has an out-of-hospital DNR order, for which she is frantically looking. You should:
Choose one answer.
A. apply a nonrebreathing mask, assess his oxygen saturation level, and prepare for immediate transport.
B. provide aggressive airway management unless the daughter can produce a valid DNR order.
C. intubate him at once, begin transport, and advise the daughter to notify the hospital when she finds the DNR order.
D. recognize that he is experiencing end-stage COPD, begin assisting his ventilations, and contact medical control as needed.

Answer 24

D

Question 25

The primary treatment of bronchospasm is:
Choose one answer.
	 A. assisted ventilation.  	
	 B. humidified oxygen.  	
	 C. bronchodilator therapy.  	
	 D. corticosteroid therapy.

Answer 25

C