Resp History Flashcards
What are the two classifications of coughs?
Productive
Dry
Name two causes of a dry cough
ACE inhibitor side effect
Pulmonary fibrosis
Name three causes of a productive cough
Pneumonia
COPD
Bronchiectasis
Name three causes of wheezing
Asthma
COPD
Anaphylaxis
Name two mechanisms of fast onset SOB
Mechanical
Vascular
Give some mechanical causes of SOB
Pneumothorax
Foreign body
Give some vascular causes of SOB
PE
Name two causes of SOB that develops gradually over time
Lung cancer
Pulmonary fibrosis
Pink frothy sputum
Pulmonary oedema
What counts as acute SOB
A cough for three weeks
Causes of confusion
Infection Neoplastic Vascular Immune/inflammatory causes Trauma (subdural haematoma) Endocrine Degenerative - MS
Metabolic
Drugs
What would you ask about in PMH?
Asthma
Eczema
Lung conditions
Heart conditions
What drug has a long term association with lung cancer?
Cannabis
Coarse crackles
Fluid in lungs
What do you do if you think someone’s confused?
AMTS
Which part of the lungs are most affected in pneumonia?
Apices - look out for these on xray
How do you classify pneumonia?
Community acquired Hospital acquired Aspiration Viral Bacterial
Causes of pneumonia
Haemophilus pneumonia Streptococcus Mycoplasma Legionella TB Klebsiella Chlamydia Staph aureas Moraxella cateralis (Gram negative) Coxiella beneti (farmers)
What is another name for mycoplasma and why? What are the symptoms?
Agglutination
Myalgia
headache
arthralgia
What causes legionella?
Hotels (bad air filtration)
What is typical of staph aureas
Bilateral cavitating lesions
What is the typical cause of pneumonia in HIV?
PCP
Three drugs for pneumonia and what they cover
Co-amoxiclav (broad spectrum)
Gentamicin or gram negative
Metronidazole to cover anaerobes
