Resp CC Flashcards
Asthma
Small airway obstruction due to inflammation within the airways
Atelectasis
Incomplete expansion of the lung at birth or the collapse of the lung at any age
Bronchitis
Inflammation of the large airways
Pleurisy
Inflammatory process involving the visceral and parietal pleura
Pleural effusion
Excessive nonpurulent fluid in the pleural space
Emphysema
Purulent exudative fluid collected in the pleural space
Lung abscess
Well-defined, circumscribed, inflammatory, and purulent mass that can develop central necrosis
Pneumonia
Inflammatory response of the bronchioles and alveoli to an infective agent (bacterial, fungal, or viral)
Influenza
Viral infection of the lung. Although this originates as a viral respiratory infection, due to alterations in the epithelial barrier, the infected host is more susceptible to secondary bacterial infection
Tuberculosis
Chronic infectious disease that most often begins in the lung but may then have widespread manifestations
Pneumothorax
Presence of air or gas in the pleural cavity
Hemothorax
Presence of blood in the pleural cavity
Lung cancer
Generally refers to bronchogenic carcinoma, a malignant tumor that evolves from bronchial epithelial structures
Pulmonary embolism
The embolic occlusion of pulmonary arteries is a relatively common condition that is very difficult to diagnose
Epiglottitis
Acute, life-threatening infection involving the epiglottis and surrounding tissues
Diaphragmatic hernia
Result of an imperfectly structured diaphragm, occurs once in slightly more than 2000 live births
Cystic fibrosis
Autosomal recessive disorder of exocrine glands involving the lungs, pancreas, and sweat glands
Croup (Laryngotracheal Bronchitis)
Syndrome that generally results from infection with a variety of viral agents, particularly the parainfluenza viruses, occurring most often in children from about 1.5 to 3 years of age
Tracheomalacia
Lack of rigidity or a floppiness of the trachea or airway
Bronchiolitis
Bronchiolar (small airway) inflammation leading to hyperinflation of the lungs, occurring most often in infants younger than 6 months
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
COPD is a nonspecific designation that includes a group of respiratory problems in which coughs, chronic and often excessive sputum production, and dyspnea are prominent features. Ultimately, an irreversible expiratory airflow obstruction occurs. Chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, and emphysema are the main conditions that are included in this group
Emphysema
Condition in which the lungs lose elasticity and alveoli enlarge in a way that disrupts function
Bronchiectasis
Chronic dilation of the bronchi or bronchioles caused by repeated pulmonary infections and bronchial obstruction
Chronic bronchitis
Large airway inflammation, usually a result of chronic irritant exposure, most often smoking; more commonly a problem for patients older than 40
