Resp CC

Question 1

Asthma

Answer 1

Small airway obstruction due to inflammation within the airways

Question 2

Atelectasis

Answer 2

Incomplete expansion of the lung at birth or the collapse of the lung at any age

Question 3

Bronchitis

Answer 3

Inflammation of the large airways

Question 4

Pleurisy

Answer 4

Inflammatory process involving the visceral and parietal pleura

Question 5

Pleural effusion

Answer 5

Excessive nonpurulent fluid in the pleural space

Question 6

Emphysema

Answer 6

Purulent exudative fluid collected in the pleural space

Question 7

Lung abscess

Answer 7

Well-defined, circumscribed, inflammatory, and purulent mass that can develop central necrosis

Question 8

Pneumonia

Answer 8

Inflammatory response of the bronchioles and alveoli to an infective agent (bacterial, fungal, or viral)

Question 9

Influenza

Answer 9

Viral infection of the lung. Although this originates as a viral respiratory infection, due to alterations in the epithelial barrier, the infected host is more susceptible to secondary bacterial infection

Question 10

Tuberculosis

Answer 10

Chronic infectious disease that most often begins in the lung but may then have widespread manifestations

Question 11

Pneumothorax

Answer 11

Presence of air or gas in the pleural cavity

Question 12

Hemothorax

Answer 12

Presence of blood in the pleural cavity

Question 13

Lung cancer

Answer 13

Generally refers to bronchogenic carcinoma, a malignant tumor that evolves from bronchial epithelial structures

Question 14

Pulmonary embolism

Answer 14

The embolic occlusion of pulmonary arteries is a relatively common condition that is very difficult to diagnose

Question 15

Epiglottitis

Answer 15

Acute, life-threatening infection involving the epiglottis and surrounding tissues

Question 16

Diaphragmatic hernia

Answer 16

Result of an imperfectly structured diaphragm, occurs once in slightly more than 2000 live births

Question 17

Cystic fibrosis

Answer 17

Autosomal recessive disorder of exocrine glands involving the lungs, pancreas, and sweat glands

Question 18

Croup (Laryngotracheal Bronchitis)

Answer 18

Syndrome that generally results from infection with a variety of viral agents, particularly the parainfluenza viruses, occurring most often in children from about 1.5 to 3 years of age

Question 19

Tracheomalacia

Answer 19

Lack of rigidity or a floppiness of the trachea or airway

Question 20

Bronchiolitis

Answer 20

Bronchiolar (small airway) inflammation leading to hyperinflation of the lungs, occurring most often in infants younger than 6 months

Question 21

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Answer 21

COPD is a nonspecific designation that includes a group of respiratory problems in which coughs, chronic and often excessive sputum production, and dyspnea are prominent features. Ultimately, an irreversible expiratory airflow obstruction occurs. Chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, and emphysema are the main conditions that are included in this group

Question 22

Emphysema

Answer 22

Condition in which the lungs lose elasticity and alveoli enlarge in a way that disrupts function

Question 23

Bronchiectasis

Answer 23

Chronic dilation of the bronchi or bronchioles caused by repeated pulmonary infections and bronchial obstruction

Question 24

Chronic bronchitis

Answer 24

Large airway inflammation, usually a result of chronic irritant exposure, most often smoking; more commonly a problem for patients older than 40