resp bacteria

Question 1

what bacterial pneumonia is frequent in severe bronchiectasis?

Answer 1

P aeruginosa

Question 2

4 main bact that cause typical pneumonias

Answer 2

1. S. Pneumoniae
2. Staph. Aureus
3. Haemophilus Influenzae
4. Klebsiella

Question 3

typical pneumonias generally present as:

Answer 3

1. lobar consolidation
2. alveolar exudate
3. sputum production

Question 4

5 common causes of atypical pneumonias

Answer 4

1. mycoplasma
2. chlamydophila
3. Coxiella
4. Legionella
5. viruses

Question 5

atypical pneumonia is generally synonymous with…

Answer 5

interstitial pneumonia

Question 6

neonates are particularly susceptible to pneumonia caused by…

Answer 6

1) strep agalactiae (grp B strep)

2) Escherichia Coli

Question 7

children are particularly susceptible to pneumonia caused by

Answer 7

viruses

Question 8

elderly are particularly susceptible to pneumonias caused by…

Answer 8

Gram Neg bacilli

Question 9

common causes of pneumonia from childhood onward:

Answer 9

1. S. pneumoniae
2. mycoplasma
3. chlamydophila

Question 10

4 risk factors for pneumonia

Answer 10

1. Etoh abuse
2. viral URT ifxn
3. cig smoking
4. COPD

Question 11

infection can spread to the lungs by what 3 routes?

Answer 11

1. inspiration
2. aspiration
3. hematogenous spread`

Question 12

a non productive cough suggests what two types of pneumonia?

Answer 12

1. viral

2. mycoplasmal

Question 13

blood-tinged or rusty sputum suggests what type of pneumonia?

Answer 13

bacterial!

Question 14

pneumonia causes what sound on auscultation

Answer 14

crackles over affected area of auscultation

Question 15

pleural effusions mt accompany what type of pneumonia?

Answer 15

bacterial

Question 16

describe CT findings in lobar pneumonia (typical pneumonia)

Answer 16

ifxn spreads through entire lobe, w/intra alveolar exudates (S. pneumoniae)

Question 17

describe CT findings of bronchopneumonia (typical pneumonia)

Answer 17

patchy distribution involving more than one lobe, with distal airway inflammation and alveolar disease. Caused by a wide variety of orgs.

Question 18

describe Interstitial pneumonia (atypical) CT findings

Answer 18

diffuse, patchy inflammation of the interstitial walls

Question 19

lung abcesses (pus pockets) are most often caused by what 3 general things

Answer 19

bacterial pneumonia, bronchial obstruction of aspiration

Question 20

bacteria that commonly cause lung abcesses (5)?

Answer 20

1. Staphylococcus
2. Pseudomonas
3. Klebsiella
4. Proteus
5. Anaerobic bact

Question 21

how do you txt lung abcess?

Answer 21

Abx + drainage of pus

Question 22

empyema- what is it?

Answer 22

pus in the pleural space

Question 23

what usually causes an empyeme?

Answer 23

staph and anaerobes

** requires drainage!

Question 24

mycobacterium Tuberculosis
aerobe or anaerobe?
shape:
notable characteristic:

Answer 24

mycobacterium Tuberculosis
aerobe or anaerobe: aerobe
shape: rod
notable characteristic: ACID-FAST (colloquially termed “red snappers” bc of appearance on Ziehl-Neelson acid fast stain)

Question 25

pneumonia in a neonate that follows a bout of conjunctivitis (pink eye) that occured w/in hte first two weeks of life is generally caused by

Answer 25

chlamydia trachomatis

Question 26

pneumonia caused by chlamydia trachomatis usually presents with:

Answer 26

low-grade fever, tachypnea, crackles, wheezing, and eosinophilia