Resp Anatomy Flashcards
Name the Arteries of the Thoracic Wall (intercostal spaces)
- Subclavian => Internal thoracic => Intercostal 1-6
- Subclavian => Internal thoracic => musculophrenic => ant. intercostal 7-9
* * 10-12 intercostal spaces don’t have arteries - Subclavian => Truncus costocervicalus => intercostalis sup => post. intercostal 1-2
- Thoracic aorta => post. intercostal 3-11
- Thoracic aorta => post. subcostal 12
- Axillary => superior thoracic aa & lateral thoracic aa
What makes up the aortic hiatus
- Aorta
- Azygos vein
- Hemiazygos vein
- Thoracic duct
Describe the venous supply of the thoracic wall
POSTERIOR
Hemiazygos drains into Azygos drains into Superior Vena Cava
ANTERIOR
Thoracic veins drains into Subclavian Veins
paranasal sinus
Air filled extensions of respiratory part of nasal cavity into the frontal, ethmoidal, sphenoid and maxilla bones. Increases the area for cleaning and humidifying air. Lightens the weight of the skull
In the superior meatus
openings of posterior ethmoidal cells
In the middle meatus
openings for frontal sinus, middle ethmoidal cells, anterior ethmoidal cells and maxillary sinus
In the inferior meatus
openings for nasolacrimal duct draining tears from the eye.
Sinusitis
Infection/ Inflammation of the sinuses causing a congested nose, headaches and pain. Mucus produced in the sinuses can’t drain causing a build up which is the ideal place for infections. Caused by allergy/ infection. Symptoms are dull pain & pressure.
Nasal Cavity Arterial supply
- anterior & posterior ethmoidal arteries
- opthalmic a.
- internal carotid a.
- sphenopalatine a.
- maxillary a.
- external carotid a.
- septal branches
- facial a.
- external carotid a.
Nasal Cavity Venous supply
- medial & lateral wall drain to submucosal venous plexus
- then they drain to sphenopalatine facial & opthalmic
Nasal Cavity Nerve supply
- Opthalmic nerve (comes from trigeminal n from cranial n) branches into ethmoidal nerves
- Maxillary Nerves (from trigeminal n that comes from cranial n) supplies septum and greater palatine
- Dorsum & Apex supplied by opthalmic n that branches into infratrochlear n anterior to ethmoidal nerve
- Alae us supplied from maxillary nerve that branches into infra-orbital nerve
Muscles making up the pharynx
(External circular layer of constrictor muscles)
- inferior, middle, superior
(Internal)
- palatopharyngeus
- stylopharyngeus
- salpingopharyngeus
(Internal fascial lining)
- pharyngobasilar fascia
(External fascial lining)
- buccopharyngeal fascia
Mediastinum
Anatomical region between the lungs containing all the important tissues and organs of the chest except the lungs. It contains the heart, thymus gland, esophagus portion, thyroid…
Pleural Cavity
A space between the parietal and visceral pleural membranes that contains serous fluid. It prevents friction.
Pleural reflection lines
Where the pleural membranes change directions according to the structures underneath
- Sternal (costal becomes mediastinal)
- Costal (costal becomes diaphragmatic pleura)
- Vertebral (costal becomes vertebral pleura)
