Resp

Question 1

Definition of respiratory failure

Answer 1

When pulmonary gas exchange is sufficiently impaired to cause hypoxaemia with or without hypercapnia

Question 2

Definition and causes type 1 respiratory failure

Answer 2

Low PaO2, normal or low PaCO2
Caused by diseases that damage the lung tissue leading to right-to-left shunts or V/Q mismatch: cardiogenic pulmonary oedema, pneumonia, acute lung injury, lung fibrosis

Question 3

Definition and causes type 2 respiratory failure

Answer 3

Low PaO2, High PaCO2. Alveolar ventilation is insufficient to excrete the volume of CO2 being produced by tissue metabolism. Common causes: COPD (MC), chest-wall deformity, muscle weakness (GBS), depression of respiratory centre (OD)

Question 4

Organism in TB

Answer 4

mycobacterium tuberculosis