Resp

Question 1

Pancoast tumour

Answer 1

horner’s syndrome

Question 2

raised JVP

Answer 2

right heart failure secondary to a chronic lung problem

Question 3

surgical emphysema

Answer 3

Crackling sensation when chest is palpated

Question 4

trachea pushed away from pathology

Answer 4

tension pneumothorax or pleural effusion

Question 5

trachea pulled towards pathology

Answer 5

fibrosis

Question 6

what should you remember when percussing the back

Answer 6

don’t percuss over scapulae
ask the patient to move arms
also percuss laterally

Question 7

hyper-resonant on percussion

Answer 7

emphysema, bullae (COPD), pneumothorax

Question 8

dull to percussion

Answer 8

collapse, consolidation or fibrosis

Question 9

stony dull to percussion

Answer 9

haemothorax

pleural effusion

Question 10

when should the bell be used

Answer 10

pt with hairy chest

lung apices

Question 11

what are the other areas

Answer 11

obs chart
sputum pot
ankle oedema
peak flow

Question 12

important points for COPD

Answer 12

colour
breathlessness
cough
sputum
fever
shape of chest
auscultation findings

Question 13

important points for pneumothorax

Answer 13

breathlessness
scars
position of trachea and apex beat 
percussion and auscultation 
scars suggesting chest drains

Question 14

causes of blood in stools

Answer 14

 Bowel cancer
 Haemorrhoids
 Inflammatory bowel disease
 Diverticular disease
 Bowel infections – viral, bacterial, protozoan etc.
 Upper gastro-intestinal tract irritation (oesophagitis, gastritis, duodenitis etc.) or ulceration
 Use of NSAID drugs
 Trauma
 Rare conditions such as arterio-venous malformations.