Resp

Question 1

What is a sign of Aspergilloma?

Answer 1

• Fungal
• haemoptysis
• cough
• chest pain
• weight loss

CT/ CXR
- rounded mass within a cavity

Question 2

What is the criteria needed to get LTOT in COPD?

Answer 2

pO2 of 7.3 - 8 kPa AND one of the following:
secondary polycythaemia
peripheral oedema
pulmonary hypertension

Question 3

What is the most common organism that exacerbates bronchiectasis?

Answer 3

Haemophilus influenzae

Question 4

What are signs of Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis ?

Answer 4

• bronchoconstriction: wheeze, cough, dyspnoea.
• Falsely labeled as asthma
• bronchiectasis (proximal)

Question 5

How is Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis treated?

Answer 5

oral glucocorticoids

Question 6

What is the TLCO and KCO of Extrapulmonary restrictive defect, or pneumonectomy?

Answer 6

Low total gas transfer with normal/ increased transfer coefficient: Extrapulmonary restrictive defect, or pneumonectomy

Question 7

What is a MART?

Answer 7

Leukotriene receptor antagonist

Question 8

What is the management of lung cancer?

Answer 8

T1 - Surgery
Anything else chemo + radio

Question 9

What conditions have a normal anion gap/ hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis?

Answer 9

1. Diarrhea
2. Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)
3. Chronic Kidney Disease (early stages)
4. Iatrogenic Causes
5. Ureteral Diversion (e.g., ileal conduit)

Question 10

What conditions have a large anion gap?

Answer 10

M: Methanol
U: Uremia (advanced kidney failure)
D: Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
P: Propylene glycol
I: Isoniazid or Iron toxicity
L: Lactic Acidosis
E: Ethylene glycol
S: Salicylates (aspirin overdose)