Resp Flashcards

1
Q

Indications for lobectomy

A

Congenital ling malformations
CPAM
Bronchopulmonary sequestration (abnormal mass of non-functioning lung tissue)
Bronchigenic cyst
Congenital lobar emphysema

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2
Q

Trachea is displacement - which way for what!

A

Displaced in directions of less pressure
Toward: Pneumonectomy
UL fibrosis or collapse

Away: tension pneumo, massive effusion

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3
Q

Name chains

A

Blue - post and pre auricular
Pink - posterior cervical
Purple - submental and submandibular
Light green - tonsillar and supraclav
Dark green - anterior cervical

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4
Q

Non-CF bronchiectasis differentials

A

Infection: persistent bacterial bronchitis, bronch obliterans, TB, mycoplasma
Congenital anatomical defects:
Bronchomalacia, bronchogenic cyst, CPAM
Abnormal secretion clearance: PCD, neuromuscular disorder
Immunodeficiency: 22q11 (thymic hypoplasia), complement deficiency, selective IgA deficiency
Other: Sarcoidosis

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5
Q

Invx resp exam

A

Sputum cultures
CXR PFTs
VBG (resp support*), FBC, CRP, septic screen (resp distress)
Serology - mycoplasma, TB, atypical mycobacteria
CF - r/v NBST, sweat chloride test, genetic testing
PCD - nasal or bronchial biliary biopsy with motility studies

CT chest +/- angiogram (vascular rings and slings)

CF complications: OGTT, nutritional bloods, stool (fecal elastase)

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6
Q

Inspiratory stridor DDx

A

Non-fixed obstruction. Laryngeal or supralaryngeal

Laryngomalacia + tracheomalacia
Subglottic Haemangioma
Subglottic stenosis
RLN palsy
Arnold Chiari (UMN)

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7
Q

Expiratory stridor

A

Non-fixed obstruction
Trachea

FB
Tracheal stenosis
Vascular ring or sling
Trachea bronchial tree malformations

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8
Q

Biphasic stridor

A

Fixed obstruction

Severe laryngomalacia or tracheomalacia
Subglottic haemangioma
Vocal cord paresis
Vascular ring

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9
Q

Stridor invx

A

AP + lateral XRs (airway)
Barium swallow
Definitive- direct observation by laryngoscopy

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10
Q

Resp exam: general inspection

A

Well/ unwell
Colour
Iatrogenic - monitoring devices, airway support
Expose!
WOB, resp noises
Scars
Chest wall deformity
Dysmorphisms
- PRS: micrognathia, macroglossia
- cleft lip sequence
Growth
Ask to cough

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11
Q

Resp exam: upper limb

A

Nails: clubbing - suppurative lung disease, pulm fibrosis, cyanotic heart disease
Fingertips: prick marks BGL
Palms: crease pallor (anaemia)
Dorsum of hand: scars/ IVC
Joint swelling: hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthopathy
Pulse
ASTERIXIS: CO2 retention
AXILLARY NODES

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12
Q

Exam face

A

Dysmorphisms, Cushingoid
Nasal polyps
Mouth: cyanosis (tongue to roof), dentition, tonsils
Ears: OM
Cervical LNs

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13
Q

Tonsil grades

A
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