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Question 1

What is Obstructive sleep apnoea and its presentations?

Answer 1

Obstructive sleep apnoea is caused by intermittent closure and collapse of the upper airway leading to apnoeic episodes during sleep.

Presentations-

Excessive daytime sleepiness
Lack of concentration
Snoring
Unrefreshing sleep
Irritability/personality change

Risk Factors -

Obesity
Male
Smoking
Alcohol excess
Micrognathia
Neuromuscular disease

Question 2

Obstructive sleep apnoea investigations + management

Answer 2

I : Polysomnography is gold standard investigation + Blood pressure

M : CPAP (Continuous positive airway pressure) maintains upper airway patency and is the gold standard.

weight loss, smoking cessation, alcohol avoidance in the evening