Resources And Development - Classification Of Soil Flashcards
Alluvial soil- location , components, classification, nutrition, and crops grown with it
1.Location - entire northern plains, Eastern coastal plains and in Rajasthan and Gujart
Deposited by Ganga, Indus and Brahmaputra rivers
2.Components-sand,silt and clay
3.classification:-
(based of size)-bigger in inland toward valley and coarse like terai, duars in the upper reaches of river valley in piedmont plains
(based of age)-Bangar is old alluvial soil with more kanker (Ca) and Khadar is new alluvial soil more fertile
4.nutrients-potash,lime,phosphoric acid
5.crops-sugarcane,cereals, paddy, wheat
Black soil-location, components,nutrients ,crops and features
1.location- deccan trap (basalt), plateaus of Maharashtra and Malwa plateau and Godvari plateaus
2.components -lava flows,clayey material(high water retaining capacity)
3.nutrients-CaCO3,Mg,potash,lime
4.crops-cotton
5.Features- deep cracks in hot weather so proper aeration, sticky when wet so tiled immediately after 1st shower as difficult to work with
Red and Yellow Soil- location and features
1.location- southern deccan plateau, Odisha, Chhatisgrah, piedmont zone of western Ghats
2.Features-red soil develops of igneous crystalline rocks and turns yellow when hydrated
Laterite soil -location,composition,crops
Derived from later (brick)
1.location- western Ghats, North eastern regions
Develop under tropic and sub-tropic climate
Result of heavy leeching due to rain
2.Components- high in humus -deciduous and evergreen forests
Poor in humus-semi-arid regions’
3.crops-tea,coffee,cashew nut
Arid soil - location and composition
1.location -Rajasthan
2.composition- sandy, saline and lack humus
NaCl is obtained
Kanker nodules- lower horizons and restricts water infiltration
Forest soil- location and soil texture
1.location-hilly and mountainous regions and river terrains
2.soil texture- valley side - silty and loamy ; upper slopes- coarse; Himalayas-denunciation and acidic with low humus
