Resources

Question 1

Define the term renewable resource

Answer 1

Renewable resources are those that will not run out as more can be made, they will replenish themselves over time

Question 2

Define the term Non renewable resource

Answer 2

Non renewable resources are those that are likely to run out as they are being used up faster than they could ever be made, they will not replenish over time or they will take a very long time to do so

Question 3

Examples of renewable resources

Answer 3

Water
Wood
Animal and plant products
Sunlight
Wind
Tidal
They are things we harvest from nature and are sustainable if managed properly

Question 4

Non renewable resources examples

Answer 4

Oil
Coal
Natural gas
Uranium
All metals mined from the earth

Question 5

Explain why fossil fuels have their name

Answer 5

They are called fossil fuels because they are formed by the fossilisation of plants and marine animals

Question 6

Identify uses of fossil fuels

Answer 6

Fossil fuels are used for
Petrol and other vehicle fuels
Electricity generation
Plastic production
Heating

Question 7

Outline the process for the formation of coal

Answer 7

When ancient plants died millions of years ago, they formed thick layers of rotting materials on forest floors and swamps
Under pressure from the layers above, the material turned into peat
Sea levels fell and rose again, sediments were deposited on top of the peat
Heat and pressure from the layers of sediment turned the peat into Lignite
More heat and pressure turned it into bituminous coal and then eventually, black coal

Question 8

Outline the process for the formation of oil and natural gas

Answer 8

Remains of tiny sea animals and plants were buried on the ocean floor by sediments
After millions of years of squeezing and heating, they formed sedimentary rocks
Chemical reactions within the rocks slowly changed the remains of the sea organisms into oil and natural gas
The oil and natural gas move up until they are stopped by a layer of non porous or impermeable rock

Question 9

Identify common minerals

Answer 9

Antimony
Asbestos
Barium
Bauxite
Beryllium
Chromite
Cobalt
Copper
Feldspar

Question 10

Define the term Ore

Answer 10

A compound or mixture of compounds from which it is commercially profitable to extract a desired substance such as metal

Question 11

Process used to extract a metal from an ore

Answer 11

Mining to take the ore out of the ground
Milling to purify the ore
Smelting to extract crude metal from the ore
Refining to purify the crude metal

Question 12

Define lithosphere and common elements in each

Answer 12

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Question 13

Define hydrosphere and common elements in it

Answer 13

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Question 14

Define atmosphere and common elements in it

Answer 14

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Question 15

Define biosphere and common elements in it

Answer 15

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Question 16

Identify resources that can be extracted from each sphere

Answer 16

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Question 17

Define the term recycling and identify common household items that can be recycled

Answer 17

Recycling is the action or process of converting waste into reusable material
Books
Cardboard
Disposable plates and cups
Batteries
CD and DVD cases

Question 18

Identify the use of plastic codes

Answer 18

Plastic codes identify the type of plastic the product is made from

Question 19

The process of recycling aluminium cans

Answer 19

Cans are collected and stored
Cans are screened to remove any made of other metals
Cans are crushed
Cans are weighed
Cans are formed into large blocks then transported to a furnace
Cans are melted, poured into moulds and cooled
The ingots are rolled into thin sheets and made into new cans

Question 20

Define mining

Answer 20

Mining is a process that involves the removal of useful ores and other materials from the earth

Question 21

Identify different types of mines

Answer 21

Open cut
Strip
Quarry
Alluvial
Underground

Question 22

Factors that need to be considered before mining can take place

Answer 22

Amount of resources available
Type of mining necessary
Cost
Location of mine
Environmental cost of putting the mined area back to a usable state
Cost of compensation
Endangered animals of the site

Question 23

Viewpoints of stakeholders in mining

Answer 23

Local residents-
Increased noise, damage to environment, increased traffic
Mining companies-
Increased income, increased availability of resources
Governments-
Increased employment, improved economy
Environmental groups-
Damage to environment and animal habitats
Scientists-
Increased employment t and availability of resources

Question 24

What is the purpose of EIS and the factors they consider

Answer 24

This is a document that a company must produce before mining, drilling or construction operations can commence
It pretty much is a contract to stop mining comparing from damaging the environment and making sure they return the land to its original state

Question 25

Why is water an important solvent

Answer 25

It’s important because it will dissolve minerals and it carries waste products away from our cells

Question 26

What’s the role water plays in living things, habitats, weathering and natural resources

Answer 26

Habitat- provides a habitat for marine animals and plants
Natural resources- drinking, watering crops, used as a solvent or cleaning agent, oceans and rivers, swimming, boating, fishing
Weathering- rain and rivers wash loose materials to lower altitudes and eventually to the sea
Living things- gives them energy, keeps them alive

Question 27

Where is most of our water currently collected from

Answer 27

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Question 28

Define the term potable water

Answer 28

Water that is in our taps and showers that is safe to drink or use for food preparation