Resistance and Response Flashcards
Who was Edric the Wild and where did he base his rebellion?
Anglo Saxon thegn who had his lands reduced by Norman earls. Allied with the Welsh and caused a rebellion in Hereford and Mercia in 1067
Who were Edwin and Morcar and where did they base their rebellion?
Edwin had had his promise made by William broken to marry daughter. Morcar had had his Earldom reduced by William. Edwin ruled over Mercia and Morcar ruled over Northumbria
Who was put in charge of the North in January 1069
Robert Cumin was made Earl of Northumbria
What happened in Durham?
Robert Cumin and his men were absolutely slaughtered by a rebellion led by Edwin, Morcar and Edgar Aetheling
What happened at York and when?
The governor of York and some of his garrison were killed during a rebellion. William intervened, destroying York and built new castles there as a sign of dominance
Who invaded the East of England, when and what were the consequences?
VIKINGS! In September 1069 Sweyn sent an invasion to England and especially York (Andrew wont be happy). This triggered William to make the Danegeld, causing the Vikings to leave and led to The HOTN.
What was the Harrying of the North?
The Harrying of the North - 1069 to 1070 - William wanted revenge for Robert Cumin’s death and a method of control. So he salted crops, destroyed livestock and burnt a ton of houses. 100,000 Anglo-Saxons died
BONUS - What did some Anglo-Saxons due to the HOTN?
Cannibalism…
What were the consequences of the HOTN?
60% of Yorkshire after the Harrying was recorded as wasteland in the Domesday Book
There was no further rebellion in the North afterwards
After 1070, the aristocracy was mainly replaced by Normans
Who was Gytha and where did she base her rebellion?
She was Harold’s and led the rebellions in Exeter in January 1068. She and the population of Exeter refused to swear loyalty to William and in response he gathered an army and sieged Exeter.
Who was Hereward the Wake and where did he base his rebellion?
An Anglo Saxon nobleman who was exiled. He returned to Ely in 1069 and discovered he had lost his lands to Norman. Mainly used guerrilla warfare. He convinced the Danes to raid Peterborough Abbey with him and this was successful. He and Morcar were defeated by William, Marked the end of the Anglo Saxon rebels
BONUS - How did William attempt to intimidate and defeat Hereward and his army at first?
He enlisted the help of an old witch who he housed in a wooden tower. Hereward responded by setting the tower on fire and DESTROYED her
How did William gain access to Ely?
Bribed local monks to tell him about secret passages to the island
