Residential Roofing Flashcards
1
Q
Single-ply membranes?types?
A
Thermoset and thermoplastic
2
Q
What is built-up roof (BUR)
Como es?
A
Multiple plies or Asphalt or coal ta-saurated felt
Which are embedded in layers of asphalt
3
Q
Purpose of expansion joints in low slope roofing systems
A
Minimize the effects of stress and movement in roofing system
4
Q
What is not paid to employees bu must be included in roofing labor costs
A
Employer-paid taxes and insurance
5
Q
Equiviscous temperature is the
A
Temperature at which bitumen is at proper viscosity and can exceed 600 degrees
6
Q
What does contractors protective liability insurance cover
A
Claims against the contractor for actions of its hired sub-contractors
7
Q
Structural lightweight concrete is made of
A
Shale,clay and expanded slate
8
Q
Reinforcement in built-up low-slope roof membrane, how is implanted (o incorporado)
A
Is Embedded between layers of waterproofing materials
Note: embedded =fixed firmly
9
Q
What is Not the purpose of a roof deck
A
Waterproofing and moisture control
10
Q
What is a roof system
A
Buildings waterproofing components
11
Q
What is the
Chimney flashing WIDTH an EXPOSURE under shingle
A
8” step flashing, exposure of shingle plus 3 inches
12
Q
Which of the following is an employer not required to withhold from the paychecks of its employees
(Retener)
A
Workers compensation tax
13
Q
What is a roof deck
A
Buildings structural component
14
Q
What is a roof assembly
A
The combination of roof deck plus the roof system
15
Q
Lightweight insulation concrete is made of
A
Perlite or vermiculite, or using pre-generated
Foam or some other air-entraining agent
16
Q
Sructural “normal-weight “ concrete is made of
A
Crushed stone aggregate,sand,portland cement, water and some mixes, chemicals additives
Note: very HEAVY
17
Q
What’s the proper thickness of plywood or OSB in a roof deck
A
Is determined by the DESIGN and the DISTANCE supporting members (rafters)
18
Q
The National roofing contractors association
(NRC) DOES NOT recommend the use of OSB
Why?
A
Is more likely to take on moisture
19
Q
Buildings specifications and traits mus be
(Rasgos)
A
Regardless of the slope and the materials used
Properly DESIGNED and installed roof systems
Will be waterproof, LONG-LASTING, provide adequate thermal resistance and be compatible matched to the building specifications
20
Q
How the slope should be on a Low-slope roofing system, talking about the pitch
A
3/12 or less pitch
21
Q
What are the three Types of low-slope membranes
A
Polymer-modified bitumen (BM)
Built-up roof (BUR)
Single-ply system
22
Q
When bitumen material (the tar) is being heated
What can be used to circulated or stirred the tar
A
Wood stick
23
Q
How you should LAID built-up membrane materials
A
Built-up membranes should be laid as continously as possible-that is, in a single day
24
Q
How to install polymer-modified bitumen (MB)
A
In a heat application process (knowing as torching
Or “torch-down) the seams are heated to melt the bitumen, creating a seal
25
What are the TWO types of single-ply membranes
Thermoset and thermoplastic
26
What is the most common THERMOSET membrane
EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer)
| Rubber uses glue
27
What is the most common THERMOPLASTIC membrane
The most common are PVC (polyvinyl chloride)
| TPO (thermoplastic polyolefin)
28
What is surfacing on a membrane roof system
Is the top most part of a membrane roof system
Example: stones,rocks, or pebbles
MB and single-ply are factory surfaced
29
Steep-slope roof system is
Is a roof system with a slope greater than 3/12
| Essentially 4/12 and higher
30
What are the three primary purposes of underlayment
1. - temporary weather protection
2. - secondary weatherproof if moisture gets through
3. - separation layer between roof deck and primary covering
31
In what order the underlayment should be attached to the roof deck on a gable roof using drip edge
Along the Eaves
The underlayment should extend over any installed drip edge
Along the gable ends (the rakes)
Should be installed over the underlayment to protect against wind uplift
32
What is the most common Asphalt shingles
The most common "three-tab"
| Typically 12"×36"
33
What type of fastener should be used when installing shingles on a roof deck
Staples are NOT recommend fastener
Roofing nails should be sharp-pointed galvanized
Seel or corrosion-resistant
Heads should be FLAT and SMOOTH
In high-wind areas building codes required six nails
Per shingle
34
Vaulted ceilings what kind of insulation should be used
The heat build-up can be significant the use of nail-base insulation can increase the heat build-up
So additional ventilation will be necessary
35
What are the three main methods of shingle valley
Woven valley
Closed valley
Open valley
36
When using the open valley method on a shingle valley, how you should install it
Should be enhanced with proper flashing, because heavy rains, snow, and debris can collect in the valley, and force water up under the shingles
37
Two Types of roof TILES, what are they made from
Clay tile: is made from clay and shale
| Concrete tile: is made from Portland cement, water,and sand or fine aggregate
38
How you should install TILE OR nail the tile
Is usually installed by nailing with noncorrosive metal nails.
Nails must be long enough to penetrate all layers of roofing materials
39
Wood shakes and wood shingles can be attached with. (unido)
May be attached to the deck with galvanized steel nails, stainless steel nails,
Screws are no to be used
Two fasteners should be used for each wood shake
No high wind specifications by NRCA
40
For all slate systems, how the underlayment should be installed
All slopes regardless of the slope
Underlayment should be installed OVER THE DECK
Before attaching the slate material
41
Fasteners to be used for SLATE systems
Copper, bronze, stainless steel, cut-brass
| Copper SLATING NAILS are most often recommended
42
Roofing SLATE should be installed with and how many nails
Minimum of two copper slating nails per piece
| In high wind areas four nails per piece
43
No power tools to install SLATE how they should be attached
Nails should be driven by HAND so that the nails JUST TOUCHES the surface of the slate
Nails should not be driven tight against the slate
Due to the brittleness of the material
(Fragilidad).
44
What does a cant strip do for tile and slate roofs
The roof incline is changed by installing the butt ends of the starter course over the cant strip
Changes the angle
45
What is the batten system used for in tile and slate roofs
| Note:son unos palos colocados horizontalmente en el roof
Batten system may be used to STRENGTHEN the bond between the slate shingle or tiles and the roof deck
Bond=vinculo
46
How you should install expansion joints an covers
Expansion joints and covers should be installed
ON THE SAME PLANE and line as the buildings
Structural expansion joints
47
Roof expansion joints and covers
Coupled with
Building's structural expansion joints will
WILL Reduce or MINIMIZE but not eliminate
The effects of stresses and movements
Of the building
48
Types of common COVERS for expansion joints
1. - brake-formed sheet-metal (shop fabricated)
2. - pre-manufactured joint covers
3. - hidden joint covers
49
Vapor drive is governed by what LAW
| (Impulsado)
Thermodynamics: which states that WARM THINGS ARE DRIVEN TOWARD COLD THINGS
Note: the greater the difference between the warmer and colder side, the stronger and more rapidly this vapor drive will occur
50
In Colder climate conditions of the winter
| How does vapor drive occur
As outside temperatures drop and building interiors are heated, VAPOR DRIVE MOVES FROM THE INSIDE TOWARD THE EXTERIOR.
Note: warm air "chases " colder air
51
How does Condensation occur
When the moisture in the air comes into contact with a barrier such a wall or ceiling, some of it will cool on the surface of the barrier, becoming CONDENSATION.
Note: moisture may also get into and out of structures in two ways LEAKAGE and DIFFUSION
52
Inadequate VENTILATION can lead to
1. - rusting on the underside of metal decks
2. - stains and mold on the underside of wood decks.
3. - roof deck warping and breakage
4. - fastener back-outs, and corrosion.
53
Types of exhaust vents
Ridge vent
| Gable vents installed as high as possible
54
Intake vents are
Soffit vents
55
Proper drainage is
When there is no PONDING or standing water on the roof 48 HOURS AFTER a rain under normal drying conditions.
56
There are Two Types of gutters which are?
Built-in and externally-attached (also known as hanging).
Note: in METAL roof systems, the type of metal used To fabricate gutters and downspouts should be carefully considered, to prevent corrosion of metals by GALVANIC ACTION.
57
Where built-in gutters should be located at
May be located AT or NEAR THE EAVE, in a valley,
Or along a parapet wall
Note:built-in gutters in valleys or parapet walls
Are NOT RECOMMENDED right AT the eave edge are best.
58
Externally-attached "hanging gutters " how the hangers should be spaced
Hangers need to be spaced 3 feet or less apart
Note: wider spacing could cause gutters to sag, allowing water to collect in the lower places.
59
What are two IMMEDIATE problems caused by improper drainage
Water entry into the building is immediate damage
Ice formation and damming, is immediate damage
60
What are four extended or LONG-TERM damage for improper drainage
* roof surface or membrane DETERIORATION
* DECK DEFLECTIONS can lead to structural problems, but not immediately or (WARPING)
* DEBRIS accumulation
* VEGETATION or fungal growth which can result in membrane damage
61
On the upslope of a chimney what should be used
| Note: o detras de la chimenea
a CRICKET and cricket flashing should be installed
Note: CRICKETS are typically ,WOOD-FRAMED
AND NAIL directly to the roof deck
62
On the downslope of the chimney flashing
What should be installed
Note:debajo de la chimenea
APRON FLASHING
Note: in places subject to freezing or snow exposure an additional water and ice-dam protection (called ice and water shield)
Should be installed.
63
Step flashing features or caracteristicas
The typical WIDTH is 8"
| To be installed under the shingle is the exposure of the shingle plus THREE INCHES
64
Pitch pocket fabrication what do they required
Required maintenance
65
Pipe flashing
Pipe flashing with boot
66
What can be used as a substitute for ice + water
| Shield
A membrane consisting of TWO LAYERS of felt underlayment, bonded (pegado) with an interply
Adhesive
67
What is the minimum ice dam protection needed on a slope roof. Formacion de hielo
For slopes LESS THAN 4/12 : 36 inches from INSIDE the exterior wall line
For slopes 4/12 And GREATER: 24 inches from
INSIDE the exterior wall line
68
What does insulation do
REDUCES HEAT TRANSFER because of the AIR SPACES CELLS within the insulation material itself.
Range thicknesses between 1/4" and 12" or more
69
Low-slope membrane roof system typically use TWO or more layers of RIGID BOARD insulation.
How they should be installed
The joints in the top layer should be vertically
| STAGGERED and OFFSET from the joints in the first layer.
70
Evaluation is done by
The PROFESSIONAL roofing CONTRACTOR will conduct these evaluations, on a case-by-case basis
71
Evaluation routine includes:
*reviewing the owners documentation; including
System configuration, flashing details, type of deck, warranties, and maintenance and repair history.
*roof deck underside inspection IF POSSIBLE and sings of any interior LEAKAGE.
* perimeter observation
* roof system inspection including taking CORE SAMPLES (particularly for BUR)
72
Re-roofing means
A general term referring to RE-COVERING or REPLACING a roof.
Note:re-roofing is called for when the roof system
And or Assembly is BEYOND REPAIR. (Sin posibilidad de reparacion.
73
Re-covering means
Installing an ADDITIONAL ROOF COVERING over an existing roof WITHOUT REMOVING the existing roof.
Also known as overlay, layover, or go-over.
74
Replacing means
Reparing any damage substrate with a new roof covering (also known as TEAR OFF and REPLACEMENT)
75
Repairing means
NOT A FORM OF RE-ROOFING.
Repairing is MAINTENANCE
*repairs can include: spot patching and general repairs.
76
When you should perform a Repair of Built-up roof (BUR) and polymer-modified
bitumen (MB)
when there are:
*A Relatively SMALL NUMBER of punctures or fastener back-outs.
Materials used to perform the repair must be COMPATIBLE with the type of membrane being repaired.
77
Spot patching when you should perform it
ONLY in relatively NEW MEMBRANES in good condition EXCEPT for a small problem areas, including fastener back-out.
78
Spot patching for BUR membranes, how you should do it
Clean an area of at least 18" beyond the perimeter of the defect.
Note: for MB membranes simply make sure to clean an area that will extend BEYOND the area to be patched.
The membrane should be then be primed with primer an allowed to dry.
79
Where plies are removed, the same number of plies should be installed AND?
* For BUR extend the bottom patch at least 6" in all directions beyond the area to be repaired and 3" beyond the PREVIOUS ONE.
* For MB the patch should extend 8" in all directions beyond the defect. (Typically one patch suffice).
80
How to proper repair a fastener back-out on a BUR membrane
When installing new fastener, AVOID USING THE SAME SPOT as the old fastener. INSTEAD locate the new fastener 3" away from the old
81
Crazing and Eroding on a BUR patching is not required however if you perform a patch
Clean the area around the defect prime the surface
| Then apply coat to the patch with asphalt EMULSION
82
How you should know if a BUR or MB systems are beyond repair and needs full replacement
If there are NUMEROUS punctures or fastener back-outs, or other widespread or significant deterioration, damage, or degradation, then
Re-roofing may be necessary in the form of re-covering or full replacement.
Note:in case of serious damage such as moisture
Or vegetation and fungal growth, FULL REPLACEMENT may be called for.
83
Surfacing of BUR and MB that has being repaired
| When should be appliedl the surface coating
Over the area of the repair. Surface coating can be aggregate material that is LOOSE-LAID or is embedded in hot bitumen that is compatible with the existing surface and is normally applied IMMEDIATELY after the initial repair steps
84
Back injury protection proper training
Work-related back injuries can be reduce by identifying and controlling High Risk activities,
And by adopting PROPER LIFTING techniques and correct body posture.
Note: Other than common colds, injuries to the back are the leading cause of lost workdays.
85
When should you replace a hard hat
A hard hat that fails the daily inspection or that has suffered any impact should be removed from service IMMEDIATELY, then destroyed and replaced even if there are no visible sing of damage.
86
Kettle operators PPE to be wear
Must always wear a FACE SHIELD to protect against spattering bitumen.
Use of ACETYLENE GAS TORCHES requires TINTED oxy-acetylene welding/cutting glasses
Tear-offs ordinary safety goggles
87
Hand protection ppe to be wear
Depending on the hazards present with a particular kind of roofing work, different glove types should be worn
88
Protection for feet ppe to be wear
High-top boots are appropriate for most roofing jobs. If hot bitumen is used heat-resistant soles are also important.
Note: Sandales are NEVER acceptable
89
Fall protection and when it should be used + ppe
Is responsible for 90% of fatal injuries to roofing employees.
Include: guardrails, safety nets, and personal fall-arrest systems, or PFAs (or harnesses)
When ever you are 6 FEET or more above a lower level.
90
There is an exemption to the PFA requirement or harnesses
If the employer can show that a PFA system is IMPOSSIBLE or highly impractical to use, or if it creates a greater work place hazard.
Then the employer can develop an put into practice an alternative fall protection plan that meets OSHA
Standars.
Must be kept at the jobsite.
Be prepared by a qualified person
91
Whenever a fall occurs, emergency responders should be called immediately, AND
Once a fall victim is stabilized, either on the roof or on the ground, restoring proper blood flow to the body is the main concern.
92
OSHA (HCS) commonly known as "employee right-to-know rules. Employers must
Under HCS, EMOLOYERS must develop and implement a written program to address labeling and warning of hazardous items, must maintain (MSDS) And conduct employee training.
93
Containers how they should be handled +rules
Must be used completely or returned to the original container by the same person who performed the initial transfer.
Unlabeled portable containers must not be passed from one employee to an other.
And must not be left unlabeled or partially-filled OVERNIGHT.
94
Asbestos handling, how the Make-up of a roof system should be determined
The make-up of a roof system should be determined by taking core-cuts .
These core-cuts SAMPLES should be analyzed and tested by a qualified laboratory to determine possible asbestos content.
95
When any asbestos-containing materials are present on the job the roofing contractor should provide
A roofing contractor needs to provide worker and supervisor training regarding the handling and disposal of these materials.
96
Key points when handling asbestos materials
Must be lowered by hand, crane,hoist,or chute.
Minimize air getting into buildings by closing air intakes,windows, and other openings.
Minimize dust creation whenever handling asbestos-containing materials.
97
Any employer with a risk to Blood-born pathogen must establish a written Exposure Control plan
And?
This plan must be delivered in a LANGUAGE that is common and FAMILIAR to employees and vocabulary that is appropriate
98
Emergency action plans, whether written or "in the contractors head " should include:
*Evacuation plans with specific escape procedures and escape route assignments SPECIFIC for each work place and/or jobsite.
*If there are more than 10 workers on one job-site
There must be a LOUD and distinctive alarm system That undergoes periodic inspection.
99
Activities of an employee safety committee:
| What they must do or participate on
* Participate in work place safety program development, implementation, an revisions
* Review workplace accident reports
* Review employee safety suggestions
* Review the results of job-site inspection
100
Extension Cords and Assured Grounding programs
| OSHA REQUIREMENTS:
OSHA requires the use of THREE-WIRE (non FLAT)
Extension cords designed for hard or extra-hard
Usage that are in good working conditions.
***Roofing Contractors should put in place an
Assured Grounding Program.
*This program will include; for each power equipment used on the job, a written program,
Daily visual inspections, and Continuity tests every three months and beore first use.
Note: ( test are Not conducted on power sources such as generators or power boxes.)
101
OSHA Requires these continuity test to be recorded Quarterly. How to keep track
One system of keeping track of the Quartely test is
Color-coding with tape.
**Diferente colors are used with equipment that has passed the test.
Brown tape, however, is normally reserved to identify equipment that needs to be repaired.
102
Liquefied petroleum gas, what to do if an employee suspects a LEAK
*The container should NOT be emptied by opening the valve.
**No one should use a match to find the hole, NOR
Should the container be placed in water.
***RATHER a worker should APPLY SOAPY WATER
And look for bubbles to indicate the location leak
103
Placement of ladders OSHA rules to ensure that the ladder is held safely in place.
*On the ground, if any surface is questionable, the FEET of the lader MUST BE TIED OFF and secured.
**1 foot base for every 4 feet of vertical rise
***At the top, 3 feet over the surface to be accessed. (If such placement is impossible, then the top of the lader must be SECURED TO A RIGID SUPPORT.
****Must Not be moved or shifted when anyone is on it.
Conductive ladders must not be used around electrical wires
104
Powder-actuated tools, they operate same way as firearms. OSHA requires proper training, when should not be used?
Como una pistola
*Must Not be used in areas with flammable Atmosphere.
**Should be avoided when driving fasteners into BRITTLE (fragil) objects SUCH Glass block or Slate shingles, THE IMPACT MAY CAUSE THE MATERIAL
TO FRAGMENT INTO DANGEROUS PROJECTILES.
105
OSHA INJURY REPORTS what you should report to osha?
*An accident resulting in death, including heart attacks.
**Hospitalization of three or more workers
***Loss of Consciousness, regardless of duration
And Treatment that is beyond FIRST AID.
106
Respiratory protection when should be used
Can be used to minimize workplace hazards when expose to toxic fumes (specially in confined spaces) and working with chemicals and solvents
Including the APPLICATION of SPF, FOAM
HOWEVER: TO Minimize the risk of asphalt fume inhalation WHILE WORKING NEAR KETTLES or during the installation of roofing plies.
RESPIRATOR USE SHOULD BE AVOIDED since that
May increase the risk of harm to workers.
107
Cranes and Hoist OSHA REQUIRES CERTIFIED TRAINING
A load to be lifted should Not have the wire rope simply run around the load and then hooked back onto the wire rope.RATHER, first wrap a SLING around the load. Using SLINGS does NOT eliminate the need for trial lifts.
A Sling merely eliminates the problems of HOOKING onto the wire rope onto itself.
108
KETTLES how they should be placed on a roofing worksite.
* To limit asphalt-fume exposure to workers and building's occupants, a kettle should be situated so that the LID OPENS AWAY FROM THE WINDOWS AND DOORS o the building.
* *The tar should be circulated regularly with an automated stirring or with an object that is Not HEAT-CONDUCTING. use a WOOD STICK
109
Pre-bid Conferences give opportunity to?
Give Contractors which are interested in bidding on a project an opportunity TO GAIN ACCESS TO THE BID SPECIFICATIONS.
And to ask the PROJECT MANAGER QUESTIONS about the project.
110
Net roof Area is
The area of a roof that will be covered with material, NOT including ridge, hips,valleys,started courses, or waste allowances.
111
Gross roof area is
The net roof area PLUS the material needed to actually complete a roof covering.
112
How to determine the net roof area of a HIP roof
Calculate the area of the roof as if i were FLAT.
Divide into two rectangles or boxes determine the area of the two,then add the amounts together.
EXAMPLE: BOX 1.- 22'×50'=1100 SQ.F.
Box 2.- 11'×22'=242 SQ.F.
Equals 1342 SQ. F.
Multiply the result by the slop actor 4/12
1342×1.054=1414.5 then divide for 100
Equals to 14.145 roofing squares.
113
PERIMETER is the total outer linear measurement of a roof,it does Not include drip edge waste and overlap. How to calculate the perimeter of a HIP roof?
SIMPLY Add the lengths and Widths
EXAMPLE: 20'×40'
ANSWER: (20'×2) + (40'×2)=120'
114
When calculating the perimeter of a GABLE roof, First add together the lengths of the Eaves.
Then in a separate step, add the lengths of the RAKES, then multiply that amount by the appropriate SLOPE FACTOR
```
EXAMPLE: GABLE roof with a 8/12 SLOPE
Step 1.- perimeter of EAVES is 31'×2=62'
Step 2.- perimeter of RAKES is 26'×2=52'
THEN, 52'×1.202=62.5'
Step 3.- EAVE length of 62' + RAKE length of
62.5'=124.5
```
115
What does a worker who receives a W-2 Wage must report and pay
THREE Federal taxes:
* FICA - Social Security and Medicare
* FUTA - Federal Unemployment tax
* Federal income tax withholding
116
Assets are
Current Assets
(Those that can be convertible into cash within a year)
Fixed Assets
(Those needed to carry on the business operations)
117
Accommodation Disabilities Act (ADA) is
If you have an office
| "Reasonable Accommodation" to qualified individuals with disabilities
118
Bidding and Estimating what to consider
When a contractor is putting together an estimate
| Items such as labor, materials, equipment, and overhead must be considered.
119
Commercial
| There are Three installation methods for STRUCTURAL CONCRETE used in roof decks:
* Cast-in-place concrete
* Post-tensioned concrete
* Prestressed concrete
120
Commercial
Clay and Concrete tiles ABSORPTION VALUES
Absorption Value is the measure of a material's ability to soak up and retain a liquid
The lower the Absorption Value in a TILE, the less water that it can hold, and the less likely that the tile will be damaged from FREEZING.
CLAY tiles in most cases have lower absorption values than CONCRETE tiles, making clay tiles more appropriate for roofs in Illinois.
121
Commercial
Eave Closures
(Cierres)
These closures help to keep insects and birds from nesting in the open ends of the FIRST course of TILES
122
Commercial
| Notes for Tile roofing Open Valleys how they should be installed
* Use a minimum 18" Valley metal flashing
* Keep Fasteners at least 8" Away from center of the valley.
* Open valleys should be TAPERED so that the low point is WIDER than the High point.
* Typically valley taper is about 1/8 inch for each 12 linear inches.
123
Commercial
Wood roofing ISSUES
How they will typically be laid
In a STRAIGHT-LINE course, where the butt ends of the shakes or shingles are in a straight alignment.
There is also variety of other patterns;
RIBBON COURSING, WAVE PATTERN, RANDOM
(Staggered)patterns.
124
Commercial
| Installing wood shakes and wood shingles in the VALLEY, open valley and closed valley should have
Open Valleys should be flashed with valley metal that is at least 24".
Fastener should be kept at least 8" from the center
Closed Valley
However, in closed valleys water will migrate through the joints of the wood shakes or shingles
Leaving the UNDERLYING Valley metal to carry the runoff water.
125
Commercial
Slate roofing issues
How you should install the slate started course
The STARTED COURSE of slate is the only slate on the roof to be installed with the FACE DOWN AND BACK SIDE UP.
All other slate tiles with the face up,to exposed the BEVELED EDGES of the slate.
126
Commercial
Metal roofing
Architectural metal PANEL roof systems
Should be installed on a deck that is
Used on roofs 3/12 and GREATER
| Underlayment should be installed over a CONTINUOUS or CLOSELY-SPACED deck
127
Commercial
Structural metal panel roof system
Should be installed on a deck that is
If the structural metal panels are installed OVER A SOLID DECK underlayment must be used as SEPARATION LAYER between the metal panels and the deck.
Note: they can be used in FLAT ROOFS
128
Commercial
| Metallic Coatings are used to
Are used on some metal panels to protect the steel from environmental conditions, which will DECREASE THE RATE OF OXIDATION.
129
Commercial
| Oil Canning, how does this occur in a metal roof
Is the nearly unavoidable, observable PHYSICAL DISTORSIONS in the flatness of metal, which results from NORMAL INSTALLATION METHODS.
130
Commercial
Regardless of METAL PANEL roofing used whether Architectural or Structural metal, appropriate ice and water protection should be installed and where?
Water and ICE-DAM PROTECTION should be installed at all downslope (Eaves) perimeters, transitions, valleys, and around roof penetrations.
131
Commercial
How to proper apply SPF
Humidity, how many degrees of the dew point
Is appropriate to apply?
*Humidity.- SPF should be applied when the roof substrate is within 5 DEGREES of the dew point at the job site.
132
Commercial
How to proper apply SPF
Temperature that must be at the roof deck when installing the spf?
*Temperature.- Unless the SPF mixture is specifically-formulated, it should NOT BE APPLIED
When roof deck temperature drops Below 50 Degrees. Note: may lead to Blisters and Delamination.
133
Commercial
How to proper apply SPF
Wind, what is the appropriate wind speed to install the spf?
*Wind.- when wind speeds are above 12mph at the roof, SPF should Not be installed Unless an adequate wind screen is used
134
Commercial
How to proper apply SPF
Moisture, what can occur if there is moisture in the mixture of spf?
*Moisture.- will react to the ISOCYANATE in the SPF mixture REALISING CARBON DIOXIDE.
ULTIMATELY, BLISTERS will form or Delamination
Of the material will likely occur.
135
Commercial
| WATERPROOFING is
The treatment of a surface or structure to PREVENT the PASSAGE of water under HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE.
136
Commercial
| DAM-PROFING is
The treatment of a surface or structure to RESIST the passage of water in the ABSENCE of Hydrostatic Pressure.
137
Commercial
| CAPILLARY ACTION is
Dam-profing materials need only RESIST the Capillary Action siphoning (desviando) of liquids due to surface tension of moisture as it tries to pass into or through a structure.
138
Commercial
| Temporary Roofs are
Felt underlayment, ice water shield, etc...
| This material will remain in place when the reminder of the roof system is installed.
139
Commercial
Flashing Issues
What should not be done when installing flashing metal?
Be sure to ISOLATE DISSIMILAR METALS and Not attach them together, this may cause a negative GALVANIC REACTION resulting in severe corrosion
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Commercial
Soldering of metals
What type of metal can be used for this purpose?
Is best Accomplished on SOFT metals like:
Zinc, Silver, and Copper.
Note:Hard metals like: Steel, Aluminum, and Iron WON'T BOND properly.
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Commercial
| Coping is
A type of flashing used to cover the top of the PARAPET WALL .
Note: Buildings can be constructed with stone or masonry copings, but a METAL CAP is the most common type of coping.
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Commercial
GUTTERS
Must remain leak free There are Three methods for joining externally-attached gutter sections:
Lapped (recubierto)
Butted (empalmado)
1. - Lapped or soldered ( when the gutter metal allows soldering)
2. - Lapped with sealant in the joint an then more sealant over the rivets.
3. - Butted together and welded (when the gutter metal allows welding)
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Commercial
| Cold storage how to have one in a building?
The best solution for COOLER AND FREEZER roof assemblies, actually is to BUILD THE LOW-TEMPERATURE STRUCTURE within another building envelope enclosure.
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Commercial
| INSULATION aspects
As a building product, REDUCES HEAT TRANSFER because of the air spaces or cells within the insulation material itself.
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Commercial
EXPANDED POLISTYRENE or (EPS) is the most common type of RIGID BOARD insulation from 1/4" thick to 12" or more.
Insulation benefits and purpose include:
*Reduced energy required to heat and cool the building
*Reduce Condensation in the interior
*Added fire resistance
*Improve drainage when tapered insulation is used
Positive drainage.
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Commercial
Because it is installed between the roof deck and the membrane material, EPS can create problems in a low-slope roof system, including:
Increasing the probability of CONDENSATION occurring within the roof system itself.
Note: Vapor Retarder is needed to PREVENT
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Commercial
Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) in low-slope roof systemsTypically use TWO or more layers of RIGID Board What to do in these cases to install them properly,?
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The joints in the top layer should be vertically STAGGERED and OFFSET from the joint in the first layer.
Only the bottom layer should be mechanically fastened to the roof deck.
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Commercial
| Installing Single layer EPS to a nailable deck or a steel deck should be
Both the EPS and the cover board should be mechanically fastened, with the fasteners penetrating through BOTH the EPS and the cover board.
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Commercial
Installing Single-layer EPS to a NON-NAIABLE deck such as Concrete or Cementous Wood-fiber panels the eps should be install
The insulation should be installed with ADHESIVE that is applied to a BASE SHEET that is first mechanically fastened to the deck.
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Commercial
| Rigid insulation materials need to be protected from the weather, how often?
For low-slope membrane roofs, All installed RIGID BOARD should be covered with the roof membrane at the END OF EACH WORK DAY.
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Commercial
Repair issues
When Nesting on a Steel roof deck, how they should SPAN (abarcar) the joist
Nested steel panels should SPAN from joist to joist to joist, over a minimum of two spans (AND AT LEAST THREE JOINTS), and mechanically fastened to these joists.
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Commercial
Make-up of membrane roof system
How to determine the exact composition
Multiple CORE CUTS at a various roof areas and
| CAREFULLY ANALYZED to determine the Make-up to see if the roof contains ASBESTOS or MOISTURE Accumulation.
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Commercial
| Repairs involving fastener
Cut a patch of the SAME MATERIAL that will extend 3" BEYOND the area of the Hole and fastener.
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Commercial
| Repairs of RIDGES and BUCKLES in the membrane
For NON-REINFORCED membranes, install a patch WITHOUT REMOVING THE DEFECT.
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Commercial
Repairs of Localized membrane SHRINKAGE
Like EPDM
Allow the membrane to RELAX for at least 30 minutes.
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Administration
| Who must apply for and maintain a roofing contractor license in Illinois
Anyone who constructs, reconstructs, alters, mantains and/or repairs roofs in the state
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Administration
Under Illinois law, what is the title given to the person who must take the roofing exam on behalf of a roofing contractor, and who is legally qualified to act for the business organization in all matters connected with its roofing contracting business
Qualifying party
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Administration
What must a license roofing contractor do if the person who originally passed the roofing licensing examination is not longer with the business
Notify the regulator of the newly designated person, who must then take and pass the examination
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Administration
Under Illinois law, what type of insurance is required for a roofing contractor to get a license, which protects it against claims of injury or property damage made by other parties
General liability insurance
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Administration
For the insurance required in the previous question, what are the minimum limits which must be maintained by a roofing contractor
$250,000 for property damage and $500,000 for personal injury or bodily harm
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Administration
| For the insurance required in question 4, what proof must the roofing contractor provide to the regulator
A certificate of insurance
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Administration
Under Illinois law, what type of insurance (or approved self-insurance certificate) is required for a roofing contractor to apply for and maintain an Illinois roofing license, to protect the contractors employees who are injured on the job
Workers compensation insurance
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Administration
| What is the impact of workers compensation law on roofing contractors
Responsibility to pay for on-the-job injuries of employees
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Administration
| How are workers compensation benefits most typically supported and paid
By workers compensation insurance purchased by the employer
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Administration
| What are the minimum BONDING requirements to apply for and maintain a roofing contractor license in Illinois
$10,000 for a limited license and $25,000 for an unlimited license
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Administration
| What limitation is placed on a limited roofing license with regard to residential properties
Residential properties consisting of 8 units or less
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Administration
What disciplinary action does the Illinois roofing industry licensing act authorize the regulator to take for violation of the act or its rules
Fines up to $10,000 for each occurrence of a violation
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Administration
Which of the following would not result in disciplinary action taken by the Illinois department of financial and professional regulation
Failing to maintain auto liability insurance on all owned commercial vehicles
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Administration
What is the offense committed when a person knowingly uses an other's roofing license to apply for a roofing permit from a municipality
Identify theft
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Administration
| Which of the following is NOT required for a person to apply for a building permit from a municipality
Be the qualifying party of the contractor
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Administration
| Which of the following IS required for a roofing contractor to obtain a municipal building permit
Name and license number of the licensee
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Administration
| A line of credit and deferred taxes would be considered which of the following on a contractor's balance sheet
Long-term liabilities
