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Roofing > Residential Roofing > Flashcards

Residential Roofing Flashcards

1
Q

Single-ply membranes?types?

A

Thermoset and thermoplastic

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2
Q

What is built-up roof (BUR)

Como es?

A

Multiple plies or Asphalt or coal ta-saurated felt

Which are embedded in layers of asphalt

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3
Q

Purpose of expansion joints in low slope roofing systems

A

Minimize the effects of stress and movement in roofing system

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4
Q

What is not paid to employees bu must be included in roofing labor costs

A

Employer-paid taxes and insurance

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5
Q

Equiviscous temperature is the

A

Temperature at which bitumen is at proper viscosity and can exceed 600 degrees

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6
Q

What does contractors protective liability insurance cover

A

Claims against the contractor for actions of its hired sub-contractors

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7
Q

Structural lightweight concrete is made of

A

Shale,clay and expanded slate

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8
Q

Reinforcement in built-up low-slope roof membrane, how is implanted (o incorporado)

A

Is Embedded between layers of waterproofing materials

Note: embedded =fixed firmly

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9
Q

What is Not the purpose of a roof deck

A

Waterproofing and moisture control

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10
Q

What is a roof system

A

Buildings waterproofing components

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11
Q

What is the

Chimney flashing WIDTH an EXPOSURE under shingle

A

8” step flashing, exposure of shingle plus 3 inches

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12
Q

Which of the following is an employer not required to withhold from the paychecks of its employees
(Retener)

A

Workers compensation tax

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13
Q

What is a roof deck

A

Buildings structural component

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14
Q

What is a roof assembly

A

The combination of roof deck plus the roof system

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15
Q

Lightweight insulation concrete is made of

A

Perlite or vermiculite, or using pre-generated

Foam or some other air-entraining agent

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16
Q

Sructural “normal-weight “ concrete is made of

A

Crushed stone aggregate,sand,portland cement, water and some mixes, chemicals additives
Note: very HEAVY

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17
Q

What’s the proper thickness of plywood or OSB in a roof deck

A

Is determined by the DESIGN and the DISTANCE supporting members (rafters)

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18
Q

The National roofing contractors association
(NRC) DOES NOT recommend the use of OSB
Why?

A

Is more likely to take on moisture

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19
Q

Buildings specifications and traits mus be

(Rasgos)

A

Regardless of the slope and the materials used
Properly DESIGNED and installed roof systems
Will be waterproof, LONG-LASTING, provide adequate thermal resistance and be compatible matched to the building specifications

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20
Q

How the slope should be on a Low-slope roofing system, talking about the pitch

A

3/12 or less pitch

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21
Q

What are the three Types of low-slope membranes

A

Polymer-modified bitumen (BM)
Built-up roof (BUR)
Single-ply system

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22
Q

When bitumen material (the tar) is being heated

What can be used to circulated or stirred the tar

A

Wood stick

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23
Q

How you should LAID built-up membrane materials

A

Built-up membranes should be laid as continously as possible-that is, in a single day

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24
Q

How to install polymer-modified bitumen (MB)

A

In a heat application process (knowing as torching

Or “torch-down) the seams are heated to melt the bitumen, creating a seal

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25
Q

What are the TWO types of single-ply membranes

A

Thermoset and thermoplastic

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26
Q

What is the most common THERMOSET membrane

A

EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer)

Rubber uses glue

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27
Q

What is the most common THERMOPLASTIC membrane

A

The most common are PVC (polyvinyl chloride)

TPO (thermoplastic polyolefin)

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28
Q

What is surfacing on a membrane roof system

A

Is the top most part of a membrane roof system
Example: stones,rocks, or pebbles
MB and single-ply are factory surfaced

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29
Q

Steep-slope roof system is

A

Is a roof system with a slope greater than 3/12

Essentially 4/12 and higher

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30
Q

What are the three primary purposes of underlayment

A
    • temporary weather protection
    • secondary weatherproof if moisture gets through
    • separation layer between roof deck and primary covering
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31
Q

In what order the underlayment should be attached to the roof deck on a gable roof using drip edge

A

Along the Eaves
The underlayment should extend over any installed drip edge
Along the gable ends (the rakes)
Should be installed over the underlayment to protect against wind uplift

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32
Q

What is the most common Asphalt shingles

A

The most common “three-tab”

Typically 12”×36”

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33
Q

What type of fastener should be used when installing shingles on a roof deck

A

Staples are NOT recommend fastener
Roofing nails should be sharp-pointed galvanized
Seel or corrosion-resistant
Heads should be FLAT and SMOOTH
In high-wind areas building codes required six nails
Per shingle

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34
Q

Vaulted ceilings what kind of insulation should be used

A

The heat build-up can be significant the use of nail-base insulation can increase the heat build-up
So additional ventilation will be necessary

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35
Q

What are the three main methods of shingle valley

A

Woven valley
Closed valley
Open valley

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36
Q

When using the open valley method on a shingle valley, how you should install it

A

Should be enhanced with proper flashing, because heavy rains, snow, and debris can collect in the valley, and force water up under the shingles

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37
Q

Two Types of roof TILES, what are they made from

A

Clay tile: is made from clay and shale

Concrete tile: is made from Portland cement, water,and sand or fine aggregate

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38
Q

How you should install TILE OR nail the tile

A

Is usually installed by nailing with noncorrosive metal nails.
Nails must be long enough to penetrate all layers of roofing materials

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39
Q

Wood shakes and wood shingles can be attached with. (unido)

A

May be attached to the deck with galvanized steel nails, stainless steel nails,
Screws are no to be used
Two fasteners should be used for each wood shake
No high wind specifications by NRCA

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40
Q

For all slate systems, how the underlayment should be installed

A

All slopes regardless of the slope
Underlayment should be installed OVER THE DECK
Before attaching the slate material

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41
Q

Fasteners to be used for SLATE systems

A

Copper, bronze, stainless steel, cut-brass

Copper SLATING NAILS are most often recommended

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42
Q

Roofing SLATE should be installed with and how many nails

A

Minimum of two copper slating nails per piece

In high wind areas four nails per piece

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43
Q

No power tools to install SLATE how they should be attached

A

Nails should be driven by HAND so that the nails JUST TOUCHES the surface of the slate
Nails should not be driven tight against the slate
Due to the brittleness of the material
(Fragilidad).

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44
Q

What does a cant strip do for tile and slate roofs

A

The roof incline is changed by installing the butt ends of the starter course over the cant strip

Changes the angle

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45
Q

What is the batten system used for in tile and slate roofs

Note:son unos palos colocados horizontalmente en el roof

A

Batten system may be used to STRENGTHEN the bond between the slate shingle or tiles and the roof deck
Bond=vinculo

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46
Q

How you should install expansion joints an covers

A

Expansion joints and covers should be installed
ON THE SAME PLANE and line as the buildings
Structural expansion joints

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47
Q

Roof expansion joints and covers
Coupled with
Building’s structural expansion joints will

A

WILL Reduce or MINIMIZE but not eliminate
The effects of stresses and movements
Of the building

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48
Q

Types of common COVERS for expansion joints

A
    • brake-formed sheet-metal (shop fabricated)
    • pre-manufactured joint covers
    • hidden joint covers
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49
Q

Vapor drive is governed by what LAW

(Impulsado)

A

Thermodynamics: which states that WARM THINGS ARE DRIVEN TOWARD COLD THINGS

Note: the greater the difference between the warmer and colder side, the stronger and more rapidly this vapor drive will occur

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50
Q

In Colder climate conditions of the winter

How does vapor drive occur

A

As outside temperatures drop and building interiors are heated, VAPOR DRIVE MOVES FROM THE INSIDE TOWARD THE EXTERIOR.

Note: warm air “chases “ colder air

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51
Q

How does Condensation occur

A

When the moisture in the air comes into contact with a barrier such a wall or ceiling, some of it will cool on the surface of the barrier, becoming CONDENSATION.

Note: moisture may also get into and out of structures in two ways LEAKAGE and DIFFUSION

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52
Q

Inadequate VENTILATION can lead to

A
    • rusting on the underside of metal decks
    • stains and mold on the underside of wood decks.
    • roof deck warping and breakage
    • fastener back-outs, and corrosion.
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53
Q

Types of exhaust vents

A

Ridge vent

Gable vents installed as high as possible

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54
Q

Intake vents are

A

Soffit vents

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55
Q

Proper drainage is

A

When there is no PONDING or standing water on the roof 48 HOURS AFTER a rain under normal drying conditions.

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56
Q

There are Two Types of gutters which are?

A

Built-in and externally-attached (also known as hanging).

Note: in METAL roof systems, the type of metal used To fabricate gutters and downspouts should be carefully considered, to prevent corrosion of metals by GALVANIC ACTION.

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57
Q

Where built-in gutters should be located at

A

May be located AT or NEAR THE EAVE, in a valley,
Or along a parapet wall

Note:built-in gutters in valleys or parapet walls
Are NOT RECOMMENDED right AT the eave edge are best.

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58
Q

Externally-attached “hanging gutters “ how the hangers should be spaced

A

Hangers need to be spaced 3 feet or less apart

Note: wider spacing could cause gutters to sag, allowing water to collect in the lower places.

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59
Q

What are two IMMEDIATE problems caused by improper drainage

A

Water entry into the building is immediate damage

Ice formation and damming, is immediate damage

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60
Q

What are four extended or LONG-TERM damage for improper drainage

A
  • roof surface or membrane DETERIORATION
  • DECK DEFLECTIONS can lead to structural problems, but not immediately or (WARPING)
  • DEBRIS accumulation
  • VEGETATION or fungal growth which can result in membrane damage
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61
Q

On the upslope of a chimney what should be used

Note: o detras de la chimenea

A

a CRICKET and cricket flashing should be installed

Note: CRICKETS are typically ,WOOD-FRAMED
AND NAIL directly to the roof deck

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62
Q

On the downslope of the chimney flashing
What should be installed
Note:debajo de la chimenea

A

APRON FLASHING
Note: in places subject to freezing or snow exposure an additional water and ice-dam protection (called ice and water shield)
Should be installed.

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63
Q

Step flashing features or caracteristicas

A

The typical WIDTH is 8”

To be installed under the shingle is the exposure of the shingle plus THREE INCHES

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64
Q

Pitch pocket fabrication what do they required

A

Required maintenance

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65
Q

Pipe flashing

A

Pipe flashing with boot

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66
Q

What can be used as a substitute for ice + water

Shield

A

A membrane consisting of TWO LAYERS of felt underlayment, bonded (pegado) with an interply
Adhesive

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67
Q

What is the minimum ice dam protection needed on a slope roof. Formacion de hielo

A

For slopes LESS THAN 4/12 : 36 inches from INSIDE the exterior wall line

For slopes 4/12 And GREATER: 24 inches from
INSIDE the exterior wall line

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68
Q

What does insulation do

A

REDUCES HEAT TRANSFER because of the AIR SPACES CELLS within the insulation material itself.

Range thicknesses between 1/4” and 12” or more

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69
Q

Low-slope membrane roof system typically use TWO or more layers of RIGID BOARD insulation.
How they should be installed

A

The joints in the top layer should be vertically

STAGGERED and OFFSET from the joints in the first layer.

70
Q

Evaluation is done by

A

The PROFESSIONAL roofing CONTRACTOR will conduct these evaluations, on a case-by-case basis

71
Q

Evaluation routine includes:

A

*reviewing the owners documentation; including
System configuration, flashing details, type of deck, warranties, and maintenance and repair history.
*roof deck underside inspection IF POSSIBLE and sings of any interior LEAKAGE.
* perimeter observation
* roof system inspection including taking CORE SAMPLES (particularly for BUR)

72
Q

Re-roofing means

A

A general term referring to RE-COVERING or REPLACING a roof.

Note:re-roofing is called for when the roof system
And or Assembly is BEYOND REPAIR. (Sin posibilidad de reparacion.

73
Q

Re-covering means

A

Installing an ADDITIONAL ROOF COVERING over an existing roof WITHOUT REMOVING the existing roof.
Also known as overlay, layover, or go-over.

74
Q

Replacing means

A

Reparing any damage substrate with a new roof covering (also known as TEAR OFF and REPLACEMENT)

75
Q

Repairing means

A

NOT A FORM OF RE-ROOFING.
Repairing is MAINTENANCE
*repairs can include: spot patching and general repairs.

76
Q

When you should perform a Repair of Built-up roof (BUR) and polymer-modified
bitumen (MB)

A

when there are:
*A Relatively SMALL NUMBER of punctures or fastener back-outs.
Materials used to perform the repair must be COMPATIBLE with the type of membrane being repaired.

77
Q

Spot patching when you should perform it

A

ONLY in relatively NEW MEMBRANES in good condition EXCEPT for a small problem areas, including fastener back-out.

78
Q

Spot patching for BUR membranes, how you should do it

A

Clean an area of at least 18” beyond the perimeter of the defect.
Note: for MB membranes simply make sure to clean an area that will extend BEYOND the area to be patched.
The membrane should be then be primed with primer an allowed to dry.

79
Q

Where plies are removed, the same number of plies should be installed AND?

A
  • For BUR extend the bottom patch at least 6” in all directions beyond the area to be repaired and 3” beyond the PREVIOUS ONE.
  • For MB the patch should extend 8” in all directions beyond the defect. (Typically one patch suffice).
80
Q

How to proper repair a fastener back-out on a BUR membrane

A

When installing new fastener, AVOID USING THE SAME SPOT as the old fastener. INSTEAD locate the new fastener 3” away from the old

81
Q

Crazing and Eroding on a BUR patching is not required however if you perform a patch

A

Clean the area around the defect prime the surface

Then apply coat to the patch with asphalt EMULSION

82
Q

How you should know if a BUR or MB systems are beyond repair and needs full replacement

A

If there are NUMEROUS punctures or fastener back-outs, or other widespread or significant deterioration, damage, or degradation, then
Re-roofing may be necessary in the form of re-covering or full replacement.

Note:in case of serious damage such as moisture
Or vegetation and fungal growth, FULL REPLACEMENT may be called for.

83
Q

Surfacing of BUR and MB that has being repaired

When should be appliedl the surface coating

A

Over the area of the repair. Surface coating can be aggregate material that is LOOSE-LAID or is embedded in hot bitumen that is compatible with the existing surface and is normally applied IMMEDIATELY after the initial repair steps

84
Q

Back injury protection proper training

A

Work-related back injuries can be reduce by identifying and controlling High Risk activities,
And by adopting PROPER LIFTING techniques and correct body posture.

Note: Other than common colds, injuries to the back are the leading cause of lost workdays.

85
Q

When should you replace a hard hat

A

A hard hat that fails the daily inspection or that has suffered any impact should be removed from service IMMEDIATELY, then destroyed and replaced even if there are no visible sing of damage.

86
Q

Kettle operators PPE to be wear

A

Must always wear a FACE SHIELD to protect against spattering bitumen.

Use of ACETYLENE GAS TORCHES requires TINTED oxy-acetylene welding/cutting glasses

Tear-offs ordinary safety goggles

87
Q

Hand protection ppe to be wear

A

Depending on the hazards present with a particular kind of roofing work, different glove types should be worn

88
Q

Protection for feet ppe to be wear

A

High-top boots are appropriate for most roofing jobs. If hot bitumen is used heat-resistant soles are also important.
Note: Sandales are NEVER acceptable

89
Q

Fall protection and when it should be used + ppe

A

Is responsible for 90% of fatal injuries to roofing employees.
Include: guardrails, safety nets, and personal fall-arrest systems, or PFAs (or harnesses)
When ever you are 6 FEET or more above a lower level.

90
Q

There is an exemption to the PFA requirement or harnesses

A

If the employer can show that a PFA system is IMPOSSIBLE or highly impractical to use, or if it creates a greater work place hazard.
Then the employer can develop an put into practice an alternative fall protection plan that meets OSHA
Standars.
Must be kept at the jobsite.
Be prepared by a qualified person

91
Q

Whenever a fall occurs, emergency responders should be called immediately, AND

A

Once a fall victim is stabilized, either on the roof or on the ground, restoring proper blood flow to the body is the main concern.

92
Q

OSHA (HCS) commonly known as “employee right-to-know rules. Employers must

A

Under HCS, EMOLOYERS must develop and implement a written program to address labeling and warning of hazardous items, must maintain (MSDS) And conduct employee training.

93
Q

Containers how they should be handled +rules

A

Must be used completely or returned to the original container by the same person who performed the initial transfer.
Unlabeled portable containers must not be passed from one employee to an other.
And must not be left unlabeled or partially-filled OVERNIGHT.

94
Q

Asbestos handling, how the Make-up of a roof system should be determined

A

The make-up of a roof system should be determined by taking core-cuts .
These core-cuts SAMPLES should be analyzed and tested by a qualified laboratory to determine possible asbestos content.

95
Q

When any asbestos-containing materials are present on the job the roofing contractor should provide

A

A roofing contractor needs to provide worker and supervisor training regarding the handling and disposal of these materials.

96
Q

Key points when handling asbestos materials

A

Must be lowered by hand, crane,hoist,or chute.

Minimize air getting into buildings by closing air intakes,windows, and other openings.

Minimize dust creation whenever handling asbestos-containing materials.

97
Q

Any employer with a risk to Blood-born pathogen must establish a written Exposure Control plan
And?

A

This plan must be delivered in a LANGUAGE that is common and FAMILIAR to employees and vocabulary that is appropriate

98
Q

Emergency action plans, whether written or “in the contractors head “ should include:

A

*Evacuation plans with specific escape procedures and escape route assignments SPECIFIC for each work place and/or jobsite.

*If there are more than 10 workers on one job-site
There must be a LOUD and distinctive alarm system That undergoes periodic inspection.

99
Q

Activities of an employee safety committee:

What they must do or participate on

A
  • Participate in work place safety program development, implementation, an revisions
  • Review workplace accident reports
  • Review employee safety suggestions
  • Review the results of job-site inspection
100
Q

Extension Cords and Assured Grounding programs

OSHA REQUIREMENTS:

A

OSHA requires the use of THREE-WIRE (non FLAT)
Extension cords designed for hard or extra-hard
Usage that are in good working conditions.
***Roofing Contractors should put in place an
Assured Grounding Program.
*This program will include; for each power equipment used on the job, a written program,
Daily visual inspections, and Continuity tests every three months and beore first use.
Note: ( test are Not conducted on power sources such as generators or power boxes.)

101
Q

OSHA Requires these continuity test to be recorded Quarterly. How to keep track

A

One system of keeping track of the Quartely test is
Color-coding with tape.
**Diferente colors are used with equipment that has passed the test.
Brown tape, however, is normally reserved to identify equipment that needs to be repaired.

102
Q

Liquefied petroleum gas, what to do if an employee suspects a LEAK

A

The container should NOT be emptied by opening the valve.
**No one should use a match to find the hole, NOR
Should the container be placed in water.
**RATHER a worker should APPLY SOAPY WATER
And look for bubbles to indicate the location leak

103
Q

Placement of ladders OSHA rules to ensure that the ladder is held safely in place.

A

On the ground, if any surface is questionable, the FEET of the lader MUST BE TIED OFF and secured.
**1 foot base for every 4 feet of vertical rise
**At the top, 3 feet over the surface to be accessed. (If such placement is impossible, then the top of the lader must be SECURED TO A RIGID SUPPORT.
**Must Not be moved or shifted when anyone is on it.
Conductive ladders must not be used around electrical wires

104
Q

Powder-actuated tools, they operate same way as firearms. OSHA requires proper training, when should not be used?

Como una pistola

A

*Must Not be used in areas with flammable Atmosphere.
**Should be avoided when driving fasteners into BRITTLE (fragil) objects SUCH Glass block or Slate shingles, THE IMPACT MAY CAUSE THE MATERIAL
TO FRAGMENT INTO DANGEROUS PROJECTILES.

105
Q

OSHA INJURY REPORTS what you should report to osha?

A

An accident resulting in death, including heart attacks.
**Hospitalization of three or more workers
**Loss of Consciousness, regardless of duration
And Treatment that is beyond FIRST AID.

106
Q

Respiratory protection when should be used

A

Can be used to minimize workplace hazards when expose to toxic fumes (specially in confined spaces) and working with chemicals and solvents
Including the APPLICATION of SPF, FOAM
HOWEVER: TO Minimize the risk of asphalt fume inhalation WHILE WORKING NEAR KETTLES or during the installation of roofing plies.
RESPIRATOR USE SHOULD BE AVOIDED since that
May increase the risk of harm to workers.

107
Q

Cranes and Hoist OSHA REQUIRES CERTIFIED TRAINING

A

A load to be lifted should Not have the wire rope simply run around the load and then hooked back onto the wire rope.RATHER, first wrap a SLING around the load. Using SLINGS does NOT eliminate the need for trial lifts.
A Sling merely eliminates the problems of HOOKING onto the wire rope onto itself.

108
Q

KETTLES how they should be placed on a roofing worksite.

A
  • To limit asphalt-fume exposure to workers and building’s occupants, a kettle should be situated so that the LID OPENS AWAY FROM THE WINDOWS AND DOORS o the building.
  • *The tar should be circulated regularly with an automated stirring or with an object that is Not HEAT-CONDUCTING. use a WOOD STICK
109
Q

Pre-bid Conferences give opportunity to?

A

Give Contractors which are interested in bidding on a project an opportunity TO GAIN ACCESS TO THE BID SPECIFICATIONS.
And to ask the PROJECT MANAGER QUESTIONS about the project.

110
Q

Net roof Area is

A

The area of a roof that will be covered with material, NOT including ridge, hips,valleys,started courses, or waste allowances.

111
Q

Gross roof area is

A

The net roof area PLUS the material needed to actually complete a roof covering.

112
Q

How to determine the net roof area of a HIP roof

A

Calculate the area of the roof as if i were FLAT.
Divide into two rectangles or boxes determine the area of the two,then add the amounts together.
EXAMPLE: BOX 1.- 22’×50’=1100 SQ.F.
Box 2.- 11’×22’=242 SQ.F.
Equals 1342 SQ. F.
Multiply the result by the slop actor 4/12
1342×1.054=1414.5 then divide for 100
Equals to 14.145 roofing squares.

113
Q

PERIMETER is the total outer linear measurement of a roof,it does Not include drip edge waste and overlap. How to calculate the perimeter of a HIP roof?

A

SIMPLY Add the lengths and Widths
EXAMPLE: 20’×40’
ANSWER: (20’×2) + (40’×2)=120’

114
Q

When calculating the perimeter of a GABLE roof, First add together the lengths of the Eaves.
Then in a separate step, add the lengths of the RAKES, then multiply that amount by the appropriate SLOPE FACTOR

A 
EXAMPLE: GABLE roof with a 8/12 SLOPE 
Step 1.- perimeter of EAVES is 31'×2=62'
Step 2.- perimeter of RAKES is 26'×2=52'
THEN, 52'×1.202=62.5' 
Step 3.- EAVE length of 62' + RAKE length of 
62.5'=124.5
115
Q

What does a worker who receives a W-2 Wage must report and pay

A

THREE Federal taxes:

  • FICA - Social Security and Medicare
  • FUTA - Federal Unemployment tax
  • Federal income tax withholding
116
Q

Assets are

A

Current Assets
(Those that can be convertible into cash within a year)
Fixed Assets
(Those needed to carry on the business operations)

117
Q

Accommodation Disabilities Act (ADA) is

A

If you have an office

“Reasonable Accommodation” to qualified individuals with disabilities

118
Q

Bidding and Estimating what to consider

A

When a contractor is putting together an estimate

Items such as labor, materials, equipment, and overhead must be considered.

119
Q

Commercial

There are Three installation methods for STRUCTURAL CONCRETE used in roof decks:

A
  • Cast-in-place concrete
  • Post-tensioned concrete
  • Prestressed concrete
120
Q

Commercial
Clay and Concrete tiles ABSORPTION VALUES
Absorption Value is the measure of a material’s ability to soak up and retain a liquid

A

The lower the Absorption Value in a TILE, the less water that it can hold, and the less likely that the tile will be damaged from FREEZING.
CLAY tiles in most cases have lower absorption values than CONCRETE tiles, making clay tiles more appropriate for roofs in Illinois.

121
Q

Commercial
Eave Closures
(Cierres)

A

These closures help to keep insects and birds from nesting in the open ends of the FIRST course of TILES

122
Q

Commercial

Notes for Tile roofing Open Valleys how they should be installed

A
  • Use a minimum 18” Valley metal flashing
  • Keep Fasteners at least 8” Away from center of the valley.
  • Open valleys should be TAPERED so that the low point is WIDER than the High point.
  • Typically valley taper is about 1/8 inch for each 12 linear inches.
123
Q

Commercial
Wood roofing ISSUES
How they will typically be laid

A

In a STRAIGHT-LINE course, where the butt ends of the shakes or shingles are in a straight alignment.
There is also variety of other patterns;
RIBBON COURSING, WAVE PATTERN, RANDOM
(Staggered)patterns.

124
Q

Commercial

Installing wood shakes and wood shingles in the VALLEY, open valley and closed valley should have

A

Open Valleys should be flashed with valley metal that is at least 24”.
Fastener should be kept at least 8” from the center
Closed Valley
However, in closed valleys water will migrate through the joints of the wood shakes or shingles
Leaving the UNDERLYING Valley metal to carry the runoff water.

125
Q

Commercial
Slate roofing issues
How you should install the slate started course

A

The STARTED COURSE of slate is the only slate on the roof to be installed with the FACE DOWN AND BACK SIDE UP.
All other slate tiles with the face up,to exposed the BEVELED EDGES of the slate.

126
Q

Commercial
Metal roofing
Architectural metal PANEL roof systems
Should be installed on a deck that is

A

Used on roofs 3/12 and GREATER

Underlayment should be installed over a CONTINUOUS or CLOSELY-SPACED deck

127
Q

Commercial
Structural metal panel roof system
Should be installed on a deck that is

A

If the structural metal panels are installed OVER A SOLID DECK underlayment must be used as SEPARATION LAYER between the metal panels and the deck.
Note: they can be used in FLAT ROOFS

128
Q

Commercial

Metallic Coatings are used to

A

Are used on some metal panels to protect the steel from environmental conditions, which will DECREASE THE RATE OF OXIDATION.

129
Q

Commercial

Oil Canning, how does this occur in a metal roof

A

Is the nearly unavoidable, observable PHYSICAL DISTORSIONS in the flatness of metal, which results from NORMAL INSTALLATION METHODS.

130
Q

Commercial
Regardless of METAL PANEL roofing used whether Architectural or Structural metal, appropriate ice and water protection should be installed and where?

A

Water and ICE-DAM PROTECTION should be installed at all downslope (Eaves) perimeters, transitions, valleys, and around roof penetrations.

131
Q

Commercial
How to proper apply SPF
Humidity, how many degrees of the dew point
Is appropriate to apply?

A

*Humidity.- SPF should be applied when the roof substrate is within 5 DEGREES of the dew point at the job site.

132
Q

Commercial
How to proper apply SPF
Temperature that must be at the roof deck when installing the spf?

A

*Temperature.- Unless the SPF mixture is specifically-formulated, it should NOT BE APPLIED
When roof deck temperature drops Below 50 Degrees. Note: may lead to Blisters and Delamination.

133
Q

Commercial
How to proper apply SPF
Wind, what is the appropriate wind speed to install the spf?

A

*Wind.- when wind speeds are above 12mph at the roof, SPF should Not be installed Unless an adequate wind screen is used

134
Q

Commercial
How to proper apply SPF
Moisture, what can occur if there is moisture in the mixture of spf?

A

*Moisture.- will react to the ISOCYANATE in the SPF mixture REALISING CARBON DIOXIDE.
ULTIMATELY, BLISTERS will form or Delamination
Of the material will likely occur.

135
Q

Commercial

WATERPROOFING is

A

The treatment of a surface or structure to PREVENT the PASSAGE of water under HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE.

136
Q

Commercial

DAM-PROFING is

A

The treatment of a surface or structure to RESIST the passage of water in the ABSENCE of Hydrostatic Pressure.

137
Q

Commercial

CAPILLARY ACTION is

A

Dam-profing materials need only RESIST the Capillary Action siphoning (desviando) of liquids due to surface tension of moisture as it tries to pass into or through a structure.

138
Q

Commercial

Temporary Roofs are

A

Felt underlayment, ice water shield, etc…

This material will remain in place when the reminder of the roof system is installed.

139
Q

Commercial
Flashing Issues
What should not be done when installing flashing metal?

A

Be sure to ISOLATE DISSIMILAR METALS and Not attach them together, this may cause a negative GALVANIC REACTION resulting in severe corrosion

140
Q

Commercial
Soldering of metals
What type of metal can be used for this purpose?

A

Is best Accomplished on SOFT metals like:
Zinc, Silver, and Copper.
Note:Hard metals like: Steel, Aluminum, and Iron WON’T BOND properly.

141
Q

Commercial

Coping is

A

A type of flashing used to cover the top of the PARAPET WALL .
Note: Buildings can be constructed with stone or masonry copings, but a METAL CAP is the most common type of coping.

142
Q

Commercial
GUTTERS
Must remain leak free There are Three methods for joining externally-attached gutter sections:

Lapped (recubierto)
Butted (empalmado)

A
    • Lapped or soldered ( when the gutter metal allows soldering)
    • Lapped with sealant in the joint an then more sealant over the rivets.
    • Butted together and welded (when the gutter metal allows welding)
143
Q

Commercial

Cold storage how to have one in a building?

A

The best solution for COOLER AND FREEZER roof assemblies, actually is to BUILD THE LOW-TEMPERATURE STRUCTURE within another building envelope enclosure.

144
Q

Commercial

INSULATION aspects

A

As a building product, REDUCES HEAT TRANSFER because of the air spaces or cells within the insulation material itself.

145
Q

Commercial
EXPANDED POLISTYRENE or (EPS) is the most common type of RIGID BOARD insulation from 1/4” thick to 12” or more.
Insulation benefits and purpose include:

A

*Reduced energy required to heat and cool the building
*Reduce Condensation in the interior
*Added fire resistance
*Improve drainage when tapered insulation is used
Positive drainage.

146
Q

Commercial
Because it is installed between the roof deck and the membrane material, EPS can create problems in a low-slope roof system, including:

A

Increasing the probability of CONDENSATION occurring within the roof system itself.

Note: Vapor Retarder is needed to PREVENT

147
Q 
Commercial 
Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) in low-slope roof systemsTypically use TWO or more layers of RIGID Board What to do in these cases to install them properly,?
A

The joints in the top layer should be vertically STAGGERED and OFFSET from the joint in the first layer.
Only the bottom layer should be mechanically fastened to the roof deck.

148
Q

Commercial

Installing Single layer EPS to a nailable deck or a steel deck should be

A

Both the EPS and the cover board should be mechanically fastened, with the fasteners penetrating through BOTH the EPS and the cover board.

149
Q

Commercial
Installing Single-layer EPS to a NON-NAIABLE deck such as Concrete or Cementous Wood-fiber panels the eps should be install

A

The insulation should be installed with ADHESIVE that is applied to a BASE SHEET that is first mechanically fastened to the deck.

150
Q

Commercial

Rigid insulation materials need to be protected from the weather, how often?

A

For low-slope membrane roofs, All installed RIGID BOARD should be covered with the roof membrane at the END OF EACH WORK DAY.

151
Q

Commercial
Repair issues
When Nesting on a Steel roof deck, how they should SPAN (abarcar) the joist

A

Nested steel panels should SPAN from joist to joist to joist, over a minimum of two spans (AND AT LEAST THREE JOINTS), and mechanically fastened to these joists.

152
Q

Commercial
Make-up of membrane roof system
How to determine the exact composition

A

Multiple CORE CUTS at a various roof areas and

CAREFULLY ANALYZED to determine the Make-up to see if the roof contains ASBESTOS or MOISTURE Accumulation.

153
Q

Commercial

Repairs involving fastener

A

Cut a patch of the SAME MATERIAL that will extend 3” BEYOND the area of the Hole and fastener.

154
Q

Commercial

Repairs of RIDGES and BUCKLES in the membrane

A

For NON-REINFORCED membranes, install a patch WITHOUT REMOVING THE DEFECT.

155
Q

Commercial
Repairs of Localized membrane SHRINKAGE
Like EPDM

A

Allow the membrane to RELAX for at least 30 minutes.

156
Q

Administration

Who must apply for and maintain a roofing contractor license in Illinois

A

Anyone who constructs, reconstructs, alters, mantains and/or repairs roofs in the state

157
Q

Administration
Under Illinois law, what is the title given to the person who must take the roofing exam on behalf of a roofing contractor, and who is legally qualified to act for the business organization in all matters connected with its roofing contracting business

A

Qualifying party

158
Q

Administration
What must a license roofing contractor do if the person who originally passed the roofing licensing examination is not longer with the business

A

Notify the regulator of the newly designated person, who must then take and pass the examination

159
Q

Administration
Under Illinois law, what type of insurance is required for a roofing contractor to get a license, which protects it against claims of injury or property damage made by other parties

A

General liability insurance

160
Q

Administration
For the insurance required in the previous question, what are the minimum limits which must be maintained by a roofing contractor

A

$250,000 for property damage and $500,000 for personal injury or bodily harm

161
Q

Administration

For the insurance required in question 4, what proof must the roofing contractor provide to the regulator

A

A certificate of insurance

162
Q

Administration
Under Illinois law, what type of insurance (or approved self-insurance certificate) is required for a roofing contractor to apply for and maintain an Illinois roofing license, to protect the contractors employees who are injured on the job

A

Workers compensation insurance

163
Q

Administration

What is the impact of workers compensation law on roofing contractors

A

Responsibility to pay for on-the-job injuries of employees

164
Q

Administration

How are workers compensation benefits most typically supported and paid

A

By workers compensation insurance purchased by the employer

165
Q

Administration

What are the minimum BONDING requirements to apply for and maintain a roofing contractor license in Illinois

A

$10,000 for a limited license and $25,000 for an unlimited license

166
Q

Administration

What limitation is placed on a limited roofing license with regard to residential properties

A

Residential properties consisting of 8 units or less

167
Q

Administration
What disciplinary action does the Illinois roofing industry licensing act authorize the regulator to take for violation of the act or its rules

A

Fines up to $10,000 for each occurrence of a violation

168
Q

Administration
Which of the following would not result in disciplinary action taken by the Illinois department of financial and professional regulation

A

Failing to maintain auto liability insurance on all owned commercial vehicles

169
Q

Administration
What is the offense committed when a person knowingly uses an other’s roofing license to apply for a roofing permit from a municipality

A

Identify theft

170
Q

Administration

Which of the following is NOT required for a person to apply for a building permit from a municipality

A

Be the qualifying party of the contractor

171
Q

Administration

Which of the following IS required for a roofing contractor to obtain a municipal building permit

A

Name and license number of the licensee

172
Q

Administration

A line of credit and deferred taxes would be considered which of the following on a contractor’s balance sheet

A

Long-term liabilities

Roofing (3 decks)

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