Resident Care Flashcards
Anti-depressant
A chemical agent which uses serotonin reuptake inhibitors to improve mood and lessen depression
Anti-Coagulants
A chemical agent that keeps cells in the blood from coagulating or clumping together
Anti-Inflammatory
Reduces Inflammation
Anti-Psychotics
Used to treat symptoms of psychosis. Must have a documented and valid rationale for using an antipsychotic medication
Anti Virals
The medication used to inhibit the growth of viruses
Anti-Hypertensive
Medications designed to reduce the force of the heart muscle contractions and lower blood pressure
Aphasia
Difficulty in finding or forming words- especially after a stroke
Aricept
A medication that slows the progression of Alzheimer’s and memory loss
Aging
A highly individualized process that is different for each individual
Arthritis
Inflammation of the joints
Aspiration
A condition where fluids go down the air passageway instead of the esophagus
Asthma
A condition where the bronchial tubes constrict and the individual has trouble breathing
Arteriosclerosis
A narrowing or blockage in the arteries caused by plaque or cholesterol
Atherosclerosis
A hardening of the artery walls that weakens the artery and may rupture if pressure of blood flowing through artery is very high (hypertension)
Ativan
Anti-anxiety medication commonly prescribed in nursing homes
Bacteremia
Bacterial infection of the blood
BID
Twice a day
Bipolar
A condition where a person moves between mania and depression
Blood Pressure
Normal range is 140/80
Blood spills
Blood spills must be completely cleaned and sanitized
Bradycardia
Slow heartbeat
Bronchitis
Condition where the lungs produce a lot of sputum or mucus
Bronchodilators
A medication that opens or dilates to bronchial tubes in the lungs
Bruise
A break in the skin that allows blood to seep into surrounding tissue
CABG
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (arteries are taken from arms and legs and used to replace damaged arteries in the heart)
CAD
Means “Coronary Artery Disease”
Calcium
The critical mineral for muscle contraction and bloodflow
Cancer
A condition where cells grow at an uncontrollable rate and destroy healthy cells in the body
Canula
A plastic tube that inserts into the nostrils to supply oxygen to the lungs
Carbohydrates
such as starches and sugars are used by the body as energy or fuel
Cardiac recovery therapy
Therapy designed to help an individual to recover from a heart attack
Cardiologist
Physician who specializes in the diseases of the heart
Cardiovascular system
The heart (cardio) pumps blood through a system of arteries and veins which supplies oxygenated blood to the major organs and cells in the body
CAT scan
A scan of the brain
Cataracts
Condition where a thin layer of tissue develops over the pupil of the eye and obstructs clear vision
Catheder
Catheter is a tube inserted directly into the bladder and it drains urine directly into a collection bag. An indwelling catheter is changed every 30 days
C-diff
Common bacterial infection of the intestinal tract that causes serious and unrelenting diarrhea for weeks at a time. Requires powerful antibiotics to resolve the infection
Cerebral vascular system
System of arteries and veins that supplies oxygen to the brain. A clot in the system results in a stroke
Cerebrovascular Accident
A stroke or blockage of the flow of blood in the brain
CHF
Means congested heart failure where fluids builds up in the heart and lungs because of weakened heart valves
How many days advance notice do you have to give residents of changes in state and federal law, facility rules, and the resident contract?
14 days
Notice of rights and any amendments to it must be acknowledged how?
In writing by the resident
How and when must you advise the residents of Medicaid benefits?
In writing upon admission or when they become eligible
Within how many days must you inform the residents of changes in charges as they occur?
Within 14 days
You cannot charge for services included in the Medicare and Medicaid plan but you can charge for the following items:
A) telephone and television B) personal clothing C) gifts D) Reading material E) privately hired nurses and aides F) specially prepared foods G) social events and entertainment outside scope of activities program H) A private room (unless required for infection control)
What is required to hold residents funds
1) Must have a written agreement
2) must provide the resident a report at least quarterly about the status of funds held in trust
3) resident may request the facility to temporarily hold funds in a safe place without the trust agreement
4) facility must manage resident funds if the resident requests the facility to do so
Interest-bearing accounts. Medicare and Medicaid amounts and procedure
Medicaid resident funds:
1) The facility must deposit funds into a non-interest-bearing account (totaling less than $50)
2) Must deposit funds into an interest-bearing account in excess of $50
Medicare resident funds (in excess of $100)
1) must deposit funds into an interest-bearing account if funds total more than $100
Requests for $50 or less from residents should be honored within how many days?
Within three days
Note: cannot pass on the banking charges to residents for costs to maintain a trust account
What are the allowable deductions from trust funds?
1) can deduct unpaid Medicare deductibles and copayments from a resident trust fund
2) can deduct for any services not covered by Medicare and Medicaid
Note: cannot deduct for any charges for services not requested by the resident
Resident records mandatory response times
Must provide residents access to the records within 24 hours of either oral or written request
Must provide photocopies of records within 2 working days
When can residents NOT refuse the release of personal medical information to others?
1) Transfer to another facility
2) When required by law (subpoena)
Note: The resident has to right to refuse the State Ombudsman to review their personal and medical information
The resident has to right to refuse treatment. The facility must do the following:
1) staff must determine exactly what the resident is refusing and why
2) must advice to resident of the consequences of refusal of treatment and any alternatives
3) The physician should be notified
4) must document the refusal in the patient chart and describe the action taken
5) must provide all other treatment not refused
6) cannot provide any treatment that was not consented to
Note: resident has to right to refuse shower or bath
What is the rule regarding the facility in establishing and maintaining policies and practices regarding transfer, discharge and provision of services under the state plan?
Facility must establish and maintain identical policies and practices, regardless of payment source
What are the rules regarding labeling drugs and biologicals?
1) All drugs and biologicals must be labeled in accordance with accepted professional principles
2) critical element of the label is the name of the drug and the strength
3) The label must identify the resident and what the drug was intended for
4) must have the manufacturers expiration date on the label
Rules about storage of drugs and biologicals?
1) all drugs and biologicals must be stored in locked compartments and under proper temperature controls
2) must only permit authorized personnel to have keys to locked drug compartments
3) schedule II controlled drugs must be stored in a permanently affixed drawer and have separate locks from the main compartment door
4) schedule I drugs are illegal drugs are not allowed in the facility
Who is responsible to determine whether drug records are in order and all controlled drugs are accounted for, maintained and periodically reconciled?
The consultant pharmacist
What is used as proof of receipt/disposition of a controlled drug?
The Medication Administration Record (MAR)
How often must drug records be reconciled?
Quarterly
Note: identify any missing drugs or drug shortages - theft
Who does the consultant pharmacist report any irregularities regarding medications to?
To the DON and the attending physician
Missing controlled drugs
1) The consultant pharmacist must notify DON if any controlled drugs are missing
2) The facility must utilize proof of use sheets until the source of the loss is identified
3) when the drug records are again reconciled, the facility may revert to periodic reconciliation
Note: Federal rules do not prohibit shortages of controlled drugs if all drugs are accounted for
Consultant Pharmacist reports
1) The consultant pharmacist is encouraged but not required to share the results of the drug regimen review with the medical director
2) both the DON and the attending physician must act upon the reports submitted by consultant pharmacist
3) the DON and the attending physician do not have to agree with the consultant pharmacist reports, but they are required to provide a rationale for the acceptance or rejection of the reports
Biologics
A substance that is made from a living organism or its products and is used in the prevention, diagnosis, or treatment of cancer and other diseases. Biological drugs include antibodies, interleukins, and vaccines. Also called biologic agent and biological agent.
