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Psychology > Research methods C > Flashcards

Research methods C Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the p in statistics

A

the likelihood that we are wrong about nothing going on

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2
Q

example of when unethical research has been published

A

august 2022, researcher immersed himself in porn featuring children

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3
Q

what is a rationale

A

an explanation of the reasons of doing something

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4
Q

conceptual (in terms of a hypothesis)

A

describing an idea clearly and concisely using accessible language

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5
Q

technical (in terms of a hypothesis)

A

describing an idea precisely and with reference to appropriate technology

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6
Q

what is the structure of a simple comparison experiment

A

1 IV, 1 DV, 2 conditions

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7
Q

what is the structure of a one-way design

A

1 IV, 1 DV and 3 or more conditions

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8
Q

how many differences would you see in a one-way design?

A

there are 3 differences in a one-way design

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9
Q

how is a factorial design different?

A

looking at more than one IV at the same time

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10
Q

does the number of levels have an effect on interactions?

A

no the number of levels do not have an effect on interactions

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11
Q

what do the number of factors determine? (in a factorial design)

A

the number of interactions

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12
Q

what does ANOVA stand for

A

analysis of variance

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13
Q

what is variance

A

measure of spread/dispersion

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14
Q

what does ANOVA test

A

are two or more groups from the same population of scores - are the differences in individual scores the same size?

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15
Q

why is there variation in scores?

A

naturally occurring differences (error) ,differences due to a factor that varies for different groups (known as main effects) and the interactions

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16
Q

what is the definition of error?

A

the naturally occurring differences between people

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17
Q

where is the mean on a bell curve

A

at the peak

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18
Q

what does this show

A

same mean, different levels of dispersion

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19
Q

what does the width of a singular bell curve show

A

within-group variance

20
Q

what does the length between the peak of two bell curves mean

A

the between group variance

21
Q

what does it mean if the f ratio is bigger than 1

A

significant difference

22
Q

what is the f ratio

A

the ratio of between group variance and within group variance

23
Q

between group variance

A

the overall variation between the groups

24
Q

within group variance

A

the overall variation in one experimental group

25
Q

when is a post hoc test used

A

when an ANOVA f test is significant

26
Q

type 1 error

A

concludes there is a difference when there isn’t

27
Q

what type of data is used for ANOVA

A

normally distributed interval and ratio data

28
Q

if there are two groups what are the chances of making a type 1 error

A

1/20

29
Q

how do you get around the family wise error

A

set an acceptable error rate

30
Q

what do you report for a non-parametric test used by ANOVA

A

medians and minimum&maximum scores

31
Q

what is a kruskal-wallis test

A

a non-parametric independent groups one-way ANOVA

32
Q

how many groups does a kruskal-wallis test compare

A

3 or more independent groups

33
Q

what are the two non-parametric tests used to test the difference between three or more conditions?

A

kruskal-wallis and friedman

34
Q

what is a Friedman test

A

a one-way non-parametric repeated measures ANOVA

35
Q

if parametric assumptions were violated by ANOVA what do you do?

A

use a non-parametric test - kruskal-wallis or Friedman

36
Q

what does the ‘number of ways’ influence (in relation to ANOVA)

A

the number of IV’s

37
Q

how many IV’s does a three way ANOVA have

A

3

38
Q

do the number of ‘ways’ in an ANOVA influence the number of DV’s

A

no

39
Q

how do you work out the number of conditions in an ANOVA

A

number of factors x number of levels

40
Q

how many conditions if there are 2 factors and 3 levels

A

6

41
Q

how many interactions for a 2 x 5 ANOVA

A

1 interaction as there are only two conditions

42
Q

why do we need to carry out post-hoc tests

A

because a signficant ANOVA does not show what conditions are different to one another

43
Q

what is the bonferroni correction

A

takes the number of comparisons and takes the acceptable p value, divides it by the number of tests that’s going to be used

44
Q

formula for working out number of interactions in an ANOVA

A
45
Q

how do you know in a graph whether two factors have an interaction?

A

lines should be parallel

Psychology (20 decks)

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