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Research and Study skills > Research Methods > Flashcards

Research Methods Flashcards

1
Q

5 elements of research design

A

Systematic, logical, empirical, reductive, replicable

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2
Q

Research Process

A

Review literature, formulate questions, design research, collect data, interpret results, publish findings

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3
Q

Two types of reductionism

A

Basic, Applied

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4
Q

Basic reductionism

A

simple, structured form f science, performed in labs, more theoretical

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5
Q

Applied reductionism

A

more objective view on study, field based, happens in real world

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6
Q

Validity of basic reductionism

A

good internal validity, poor external validity

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7
Q

Validity of applied reductionism

A

poor internal validity, good external validity

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8
Q

internal validity

A

confidence that factor a causes factor b

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9
Q

external validity

A

how results canoe generalised and applied to real world

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10
Q

Sampling techniques

A

Random sampling, stage sampling, systematic sampling, stratified sampling, cluster sampling opportunity sampling

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11
Q

Random Sampling

A

Use a random number generator after listing all population with numbers

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12
Q

Stage sampling

A

Random sampling starting from a broad group and creating sub groups with more specific conditions

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13
Q

systematic sampling

A

Use a random number generator to find start point then sample in set increments from this point

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14
Q

stratified sample

A

using a sample that represents the population

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15
Q

cluster sample

A

testing naturally occurring groups

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16
Q

opportunity sampling

A

sample anyone who is willing to take part

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17
Q

research design continuum

A

The manner by which we categorise research design

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18
Q

3 sub units of research design continuum

A

Analytical, descriptive, experimental

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19
Q

Analytical research designs

A

Reviews, Historical, philosophical

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20
Q

reviews

A

critiquing evidence and meta analysis

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21
Q

historical research design

A

accessing past records and documenting events

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22
Q

philosophical research design

A

organising evidence and synthesising theory

23
Q

Descriptive research designs

A

case study, surveys

24
Q

case studys

A

documenting an individual

25
Q

survey types

A

Cross sectional, longitudinal, correlational

26
Q

cross sectional survey

A

at a single time point

27
Q

longitudinal survey

A

Survey at multiple time points

28
Q

correlational survey

A

survey to measure relationships between measurments

29
Q

4 types of Experimental design

A

pre-design, quasi-design, true-design, stats-design

30
Q

independant variable

A

cause of change

31
Q

dependant vriable

A

measurment

32
Q

extraneous variable

A

variable from outside study that may affect the study

33
Q

confounding variable

A

extraneous variable that has affected study

34
Q

Pre- design experiments

A

Pre experimental design, pre-test-post-test design, static group comparison

35
Q

pre experimental design

A

anecdotal evidence

36
Q

pre-test-post-test

A

recording a start and end point without control

37
Q

static group comparison

A

comparing results with control group without a pre test

38
Q

example of how a quasi design experiment could be taken

A

weekly measurements taken before test carried out, then take more measurements.

39
Q

Reverse time series (quasi-design)

A

removing test and recording results

40
Q

Example of true designs

A

randomised group comparison, matched group design, matched pair design, repeated measures design/

41
Q

randomised group comparison

A

everyone in design has same baseline through true randomisation

42
Q

matched group design

A

altering groups so the baseline is the same

43
Q

matched pair design

A

pair people with same baseline and put in seperate groups

44
Q

repeated measurement design

A

same group does test and placebo test

45
Q

RCT

A

randomised controlled trial

46
Q

Randomised controlled trail

A

Two groups. one group have intervention, other group receives placebo. compare data for differences

47
Q

Limitations of RTC

A

interaction affect, baseline test and supplement cause self consciousness so as a result actions in testing are different

48
Q

Solomon foreground design

A

group with baseline test and end test with placebo and intervention. compared with trial not including baseline measure

49
Q

Inductive logica reasoning

A

forming a theory through making observations

50
Q

deductive logical reasoning

A

testing a theory

51
Q

epistemology

A

how we apporach research

52
Q

ontology

A

weather what your measuring is tangeable

53
Q

Pvalue 0.01

A

if the variables are not linked, there is a 1% chance of seeing relationship

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