Research Methods

Question 1

Independent groups

Answer 1

Separate groups of people for each condition

Question 2

Repeated measures

Answer 2

Same group of participants for each condition

Question 3

Matched pairs

Answer 3

Separate groups for each condition - groups matched on certain characteristics

Question 4

Strength of independent groups

Answer 4

🦤 no order effects

🦤 no fatigue

Question 5

Weaknesses of independent groups

Answer 5

🦤 risk of participant variables

🦤 2x as many people needed - time consuming and expensive

Question 6

Strengths of repeated measures

Answer 6

🌱 no participant variables
🌱 fewer people needed
🌱 can be counterbalanced

Question 7

Weaknesses of repeated measure s

Answer 7

🌱 order effects - fatigue and practice effects

Question 8

Strengths of matched pairs design

Answer 8

• controls order effects

- reduces risk of participant variable

Question 9

Weaknesses of matched pairs

Answer 9

Takes more time and effort - matching is a complex process

Still a chance of participant variables

Question 10

Independent variable

Answer 10

The variable that is manipulated by the researcher

Question 11

Dependent variable

Answer 11

The variable that is being measured - the results

Question 12

Extraneous variables

Answer 12

Variables that are not the independent variable, but also affect the dependent variable

Question 13

Confounding extraneous variables

Answer 13

Variables that the researcher cannot control - these affect the dependent variable

Question 14

Operationalization of variables

Answer 14

Adding a numerical value to the hypothesis - something that can be used in a comparison

Question 15

Lab experiments

Answer 15

Experiments that offer the researcher the highest level of control.