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POLI 210 > Research: measurements, operationalizing, ethics > Flashcards

Research: measurements, operationalizing, ethics Flashcards

Material from chapter 3 and 4, and lecture 5 and 6

1
Q

hypothesis

A

argues relationship between concepts

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2
Q

Parsimonious

A

As simple as possible

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3
Q

Inductive/exploratory research

A

Theory building, simple, generalizable, testable

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4
Q

Deductive approach

A

Theory testing, establish causal mechanisms

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5
Q

Typology

A

classifying by general type, similarities

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6
Q

Continuum

A

progression or sequence of values

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7
Q

Unidimensional concept

A

measures a single thing

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8
Q

Multidimensional concept

A

many aspects measured and involved

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9
Q

Value in research of:

Conceptual definition

A

Best to establish one that is widely accepted

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10
Q

Causality

A

statement that shows how variables are related

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11
Q

Correlation

A

statement that shows that variables are related

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12
Q

Determinism

A

idea that everything has a cause, should try to explain cause and effect

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13
Q

Hypothesis

A

Specifies expected relationship between variables

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14
Q

Falsifiable hypothesis

A

Possible to collect data to prove

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15
Q

Temporal order

A

Timing of events, challenging to collect in research

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16
Q

Confounding variable

A

Related to both variables, creates spurious relationship

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17
Q

Null hypothesis

A

Default, assumes no relationship between the variables

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18
Q

Bivariate relationship

A

One independent variable, one dependent variable

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19
Q

Causal models

A

Visual representation of a causal chain

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20
Q

Intervening variable

A

Between IV and DV (positive or negative)

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21
Q

Conditional variable

A

sometimes strengthens relationship between IV and DV within subgroups, but could weaken for others

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22
Q

Reinforcing variable

A

Strengthen and expands relationship between IV and DV

23
Q

Unit of analysis

A

What level are you measuring?

24
Q

Measurement

A

How to assess quantitatively

25
latent constructs
abstract and intangible
26
Ecological fallacy
inferences about one level of analysis from another
27
indicator
specific way to demonstrate a variable
28
Nominal
categorical, cannot be ranked
29
Ordinal
hierarchical, cannot specify distances
30
Interval
ordered, fixed, known
31
Ratio
ordered, fixed, known, non arbitrary zero
32
categorical data
nominal
33
continuous data
interval/ratio
34
interpersonal incomparability
concepts mean something different between different people
35
REB
research ethics board
36
IRB
institutional review board
37
intentional ethical violations
plagiarism, data manipulation/fabrication
38
unintentional ethics violation
sloppy, ignorant, not detailed
39
Canadian ethics
SSHRC enforces standards, funds basic research
40
experimental research design
may use deception, have to consider more elements involved
40
Where to consider ethics
research topic, research design, data collection, dissemination
41
Data collection needs _ to be ethical
privacy, informed consent, right to withdraw
42
single blind review
Authors blind to reviewers, reviewers not
43
double-blind review
author and reviewers anonymous to each other
44
triple blind review
reviewers and authors blind to each other, editor blind to authors
45
credibility crisis
concerns over publication bias, recent problem in academia
46
Borderline results
on just one side of being statistically significant
47
pre-registration | (publication bias)
describe analysis and data collection method before research is carried out
48
replication | (publication bias)
submit ALL code and data to journals
49
registered report | (publication bias)
paper peer reviewed before data is collected
50
OSF
open source platform for research to be independent of peer review process
51
exhaustive
every possible outcome is covered
52
Theory
explanation about the political world, argues relationship between variables, simplified relationship of the world
53
unit of analysis
primary focus of research; who or what makes up the cases

POLI 210 (3 decks)

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