Research in relationships

Question 1

Evolutionary explanations in partner preferences?

Answer 1

Clark and Hatfield did the sex across uni experiment
Buss did the survey across 10,000 people

Question 2

Factors affecting attraction: self disclosure?

Answer 2

Sprecher and Hendrick found a strong correlation between self disclosure and attraction
Kleinke found that individuals who were perceived as more selective about who they disclose information to were seen as more attractive
Tang found that couples in the USA disclosed more sexual thoughts than those in China

Question 3

Factors affecting attraction: physical attraction and the matching hypothesis?

Answer 3

Dion proposed the halo effect
Walster proposed the matching hypothesis
Murstein did the fake couples in photos
Walster did the dance party study
Gunnell and Ceci looked at conviction rates and attractiveness
Cunningham found that White Asian and Hispanic men all found the same features attractive

Question 4

Factors affecting attraction: filter theory?

Answer 4

Proposed by Kirchhoff and Davies
Clark found 50% of couples lived within walking distance
Taylor looked at ethnicity of married couples
Rusbult looked at attitude alignment
Anderson looked at emotional convergence

Question 5

Social exchange theory?

Answer 5

Proposed by Thibault and Kelley
Rusbult and Zembrodt did questionnaires every 17 days for 7 months
Rusbult and Martz applied SET to women in abusive relationships

Question 6

Equity theory?

Answer 6

Developed by Walster
Dainton looked at 219 pts
Yum looked at cultural differences
Huesmann looked at individual differences
Clark argues about cause and effect

Question 7

Rusbult’s investment model of commitment?

Answer 7

Le and Agnew did a meta analysis of 52 studies
Lin and Rusbult did cross cultural support

Question 8

Duck’s phase model of relationship breakdown?

Answer 8

Duck and Rollie did the resurrection phase
Tashiro and Frazier found that breakdown helped them in the future
Moghaddam did cross cultural support

Question 9

Self disclosure in VR?

Answer 9

Spoull and Heister said that VRs were less effective than F2F ones
Walther argued VR involved greater self disclosure
Cooper and Sportolari called this the boom and bust phenomenon
Whitty and Joinson summarised evidence showing how self presentation is manipulated in virtual r/ships.
Yim and Hara found cross cultural differences
Walther argues that r/ships are multi-modal

Question 10

Absence of gating?

Answer 10

McKenna found that disadvantaged people benefitted from AofG
Nakanishi found cross cultural differences
McKenna found gender differences

Question 11

Parasocial relationships?

Answer 11

MucCutcheon looked at the sub scale
Giles and Maltby created the three levels of celebrity worship
Maltby et al. (2005) they found a connection between parasocial relationships and their effects on mental health.
Schiappa found refuting evidence
Maltby linked personality to PR

Question 12

Attachment theory explanation?

Answer 12

Cole and Leets looked at TV personalities
McCutcheon (2006) measured the attachment styles and celebrity related attitudes in 229 participants
Kienlen et al. (1997) found that disrupted attachment in childhood was related to borderline pathological disorder