Research Designs

Question 1

independent variable

Answer 1

the variable the researcher manipulates and controls in an experiment

Question 2

dependent variable

Answer 2

the variable the researcher measures, but does not manipulate in an experiment

Question 3

random assignment

Answer 3

assigning participants to receive different conditions of an experiment by chance

Question 4

confounds

Answer 4

factors that undermine the ability to draw causal inferences from an experiment

Question 5

placebo effect

Answer 5

when receiving special treatment or something new affects human behavior

Question 6

participant demand

Answer 6

when participants behave in a way that they think the experimenter wants them to behave

Question 7

experimenter expectations

Answer 7

when the experimenter’s expectations influence the outcome of a study

Question 8

correlation

Answer 8

measures the association between two variables, or how they go together

Question 9

longitudinal study

Answer 9

a study that follows the same group of individuals over time