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GERM 230 > Research Design test 2 > Flashcards

Research Design test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

the process of counting or averaging individual-level data in some context to capture individual-level concepts at the group level

A

aggregation

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2
Q

the loss of sample members over time, usually to death or dropout

A

attrition

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3
Q

variables that have a finite set of possible values that are fixed and distinct from one another with unknown differences between them

A

categorical variables

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4
Q

the process of precisely defining ideas and turning them into variables

A

conceptualization

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5
Q

variables that could have an infinite set of possible values that exist on a continuum from low to high with meaningful and indentifiable differences between them

A

continuous variables

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6
Q

a study in which data are collected at only one time point

A

cross-sectional study design

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7
Q

a component of a concept that represents a particular manifestation, angle, or unit

A

dimension

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8
Q

a mistake that researchers make by drawing conclusions about the micro level based on some macro-level analysis

A

ecological fallacy

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9
Q

preset response categories that give all subjects at least one accurate response

A

exhaustive

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10
Q

variables with a continuum of vaules with meaningful distances between them but no true zero

A

interval variables

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11
Q

a study in which data are collected at multiple time points

A

longitudinal study design

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12
Q

present response categories that do not overlap with one another, ensuring that respondents select the single category that best captures their view

A

mutually exclusive

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13
Q

variables with states or statuses that are parallel and cannot be ranked and ordered

A

nominal variables

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14
Q

the process of linking the conceptualized variables to a set of procedures for measuring them

A

operationalization

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15
Q

variables with categories that can be ordered in some way but have unknowable differences between them

A

ordinal variables

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16
Q

variables with a continuum of values with meaningful distances (or intervals) between them and has a true zero

A

ratio variables

17
Q

a mistake that researchers make by drawing conclusions about the macro-level unit based on analyses of micro-level data

A

reductionism

18
Q

a concrete aspect of social life that can be counted, such as a newspaper article, tombstone, or text message

A

social artifact

19
Q

the level of social life about which we want to generalize (individual, neighborhood, town, country, newspapers, etc)

A

unit of analysis

20
Q

representations that capture the different dimensions, categories, or levels of a concept

A

variables

21
Q

a quality of a measure concerning how dependable, consistent, and predictable it is

A

reliability

22
Q

a quality of a measure concerning how accurately or truthfully it captures the real world

A

validity

23
Q

a dimension of validity concerning how well a measure encompasses the many different meanings of a single concept

A

content validity

24
Q

a dimension of validity concerning whether a measure looks valid especially at first glance

A

face validity

25
Q

a subset of a population selected for a study

A

sample

26
Q

a sample in which (a) random chance is used to select participants for the sample, and (b) each individual has a probability of being selected that can be calculated

A

probability sample

27
Q

a number that characterizes some quantitative aspect of a population

A

population parameter

28
Q

a sample that is not drawn using a method of random selection

A

nonprobability sample

29
Q

a type of probability sample in which each individual has the same probability of being selected and in which each pair of individuals has the same probability of being selected

A

simple random sample

30
Q

a sampling strategy in which cases are deliberately selected on the basis of features that distinguish them from other cases

A

purposive sampling

31
Q

a sampling strategy in which the researcher starts with one respondent who meets the requirements for inclusion and asks him or her to recommend another person to contact (who also meets the requirements for inclusion)

A

snowball sampling

GERM 230 (4 decks)

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