Research Design Flashcards
Survey (descriptive)
questionnaire to a large number of people; opinion
Case Study (descriptive)
in-depth study of an individual or very small group of people
causal comparative (descriptive)
looking at evidence after the fact; no treatment was applied by this researcher; used for impractical or unethical experimentation (ie smoking & pregnancy)
correlation (descriptive)
connection between two or more variables
one-group experimental
no control; ex. pretest-posttest with same group; not strong
two-group experimental
control/treatment
four-group experimental
control-pretest / control-posttest / treatment-pre&post / control -pre&post; very effective research method
longitudinal (descriptive)
long-term study
complete reversal (behavioral)
ABAB; observe behavior - apply consequate - remove consequate and aboserve - reapply consequate
threats to internal validity : history
time that passes between pre-test and post-test
threats to internal validity : maturation
longitudinal research - people grow older and have life experiences
threats to internal validity : instrumentation
changes or inconsistencies in measurement
threats to internal validity : testing
subjects learning how to take the test
threats to internal validity : selection
non-equivalent groups (ie. use established classrooms)
