Research

Question 1

Believing your own perception of the world is exactly how it actually is

Answer 1

Naïve Realism

Question 2

Only looking for information that confirms your own beliefs

Answer 2

Confirmation Bias

Question 3

Using one case to make general assumptions about the rest of a group

Answer 3

Pluralism of Anecdote

Question 4

Believing you predicted an outcome; “I knew it all along!”

Answer 4

Hindsight Bias

Question 5

Being overly confident in your own abilities

Answer 5

Dunning Kruger Effect

Question 6

The examination of an individual, can be fruitful, but does not allow for generalization

Answer 6

Case Study

Question 7

Observing behavior in a natural environment, you can only describe your own observations, can be very revealing because participants are random and do not know they are being analyzed

Answer 7

Naturalistic Study

Question 8

When two traits being studied are related to each other

Answer 8

Correlation

Question 9

Two variables increase and decrease together

Answer 9

Positive Correlation

Question 10

One variable increases or deceases and the other variable does the opposite

Answer 10

Negative Correlation

Question 11

Perceiving a pattern that does not actually exist

Answer 11

Illusory Correlation

Question 12

One causative variable is manipulated to determine its effects

Answer 12

Experimental Study

Question 13

The variable in an experimental study that is measured and the sample is random

Answer 13

Dependent Variable

Question 14

Study in which one group cannot be randomly sampled, specific people must be chosen (ex: those with a certain condition)

Answer 14

Pseudo Experiment

Question 15

Case in which doctors sampled a woman’s cancer cells, keeping some in to continue their study without her knowledge or consent. Although their research led to massive breakthroughs, neither her nor her family made any profit.

Answer 15

Henrietta Lacks

Question 16

A study done by several doctors during the Jim Crow Era in which 399 Black Men with Syphilis were studied without the knowledge of their condition or access to a cure

Answer 16

Tuskegee Study

Question 17

First Ethic in Research: Participation must be voluntary and participants must know the purpose, activity, duration, potential risks + benefits, and rights

Answer 17

Informed Consent

Question 18

Second Ethic in Research: At the end of a study, participants must be fully informed of any deception, findings, purpose, and right to withdraw information

Answer 18

Right to Full Information

Question 19

Third Ethic of Research: Participants’ data is not shared without their consent, or it is shared anonymously

Answer 19

Confidentiality

Question 20

The average in a set of scores, prone to distortion when the information is not symmetrical

Answer 20

Mean

Question 21

The middle score in a set, useful for looking at skewed distributions

Answer 21

Median

Question 22

The most frequent response in a set, used for considering categorical data such as race or gender

Answer 22

Mode

Question 23

The difference between the highest and lowest score in a set, measure of variation

Answer 23

Range

Question 24

Computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score, measure of variation

Answer 24

Standard Deviation

Question 25

Most sets fall into this graph

Answer 25

Bell Curve

Question 26

Graph with hump on the right side

Answer 26

Negatively Skewed Curve

Question 27

Graph with hump on the left side

Answer 27

Positively Skewed Curve

Question 28

When there is no difference between study groups (H0)

Answer 28

Null Hypothesis

Question 29

When there are differences between study groups (H1)

Answer 29

Experimental Hypothesis

Question 30

Threshold used for judging if differences in groups are significant

Answer 30

P Value