Resaerch Study Designs And Sampling Flashcards
What is a research study design?
A structured plan or strategy used to conduct research and collect data.
True or False: Qualitative research designs focus on numerical data.
False
Fill in the blank: __________ research involves manipulating one variable to determine its effect on another variable.
Experimental
What is the main characteristic of observational study designs?
Researchers observe subjects without manipulating variables.
Which type of study design is used to assess the prevalence of a condition at a specific point in time?
Cross-sectional study
Define ‘sampling’ in the context of research.
The process of selecting a subset of individuals from a population to estimate characteristics of the whole population.
What is the difference between probability and non-probability sampling?
Probability sampling involves random selection, while non-probability sampling does not.
True or False: A cohort study is a type of longitudinal study.
True
What is a case-control study?
A study that compares individuals with a specific condition to those without it to identify potential causes.
Which sampling method involves dividing the population into subgroups and randomly selecting from each?
Stratified sampling
What is a key advantage of using a randomized controlled trial (RCT)?
It helps to establish cause-and-effect relationships.
Fill in the blank: __________ sampling is often used when a complete list of the population is not available.
Convenience
What is the purpose of a pilot study?
To test the feasibility and effectiveness of a research design before the main study.
True or False: Systematic sampling can introduce bias if the population has a hidden pattern.
True
What type of research design uses surveys or interviews to gather non-numerical data?
Qualitative research design
What is the primary goal of longitudinal studies?
To observe changes over time within the same subjects.
Which study design is best suited for studying rare diseases?
Case-control study
Fill in the blank: __________ sampling is a method where every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected.
Random
What is the main disadvantage of cross-sectional studies?
They cannot establish causality between variables.
True or False: In qualitative research, data is often analyzed using statistical methods.
False
What is meant by ‘sampling bias’?
The error that occurs when the sample is not representative of the population.
What is the purpose of using control groups in experimental designs?
To compare the effects of the treatment against a group that does not receive it.
Fill in the blank: A ________ study collects data at multiple time points to track changes.
Longitudinal
What is a major challenge in conducting qualitative research?
Subjectivity in data interpretation.
What does the term ‘generalizability’ refer to in research?
The extent to which findings from a study can be applied to broader populations.
