Resaerch Study Designs And Sampling

Question 1

What is a research study design?

Answer 1

A structured plan or strategy used to conduct research and collect data.

Question 2

True or False: Qualitative research designs focus on numerical data.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Fill in the blank: __________ research involves manipulating one variable to determine its effect on another variable.

Answer 3

Experimental

Question 4

What is the main characteristic of observational study designs?

Answer 4

Researchers observe subjects without manipulating variables.

Question 5

Which type of study design is used to assess the prevalence of a condition at a specific point in time?

Answer 5

Cross-sectional study

Question 6

Define ‘sampling’ in the context of research.

Answer 6

The process of selecting a subset of individuals from a population to estimate characteristics of the whole population.

Question 7

What is the difference between probability and non-probability sampling?

Answer 7

Probability sampling involves random selection, while non-probability sampling does not.

Question 8

True or False: A cohort study is a type of longitudinal study.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

What is a case-control study?

Answer 9

A study that compares individuals with a specific condition to those without it to identify potential causes.

Question 10

Which sampling method involves dividing the population into subgroups and randomly selecting from each?

Answer 10

Stratified sampling

Question 11

What is a key advantage of using a randomized controlled trial (RCT)?

Answer 11

It helps to establish cause-and-effect relationships.

Question 12

Fill in the blank: __________ sampling is often used when a complete list of the population is not available.

Answer 12

Convenience

Question 13

What is the purpose of a pilot study?

Answer 13

To test the feasibility and effectiveness of a research design before the main study.

Question 14

True or False: Systematic sampling can introduce bias if the population has a hidden pattern.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

What type of research design uses surveys or interviews to gather non-numerical data?

Answer 15

Qualitative research design

Question 16

What is the primary goal of longitudinal studies?

Answer 16

To observe changes over time within the same subjects.

Question 17

Which study design is best suited for studying rare diseases?

Answer 17

Case-control study

Question 18

Fill in the blank: __________ sampling is a method where every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected.

Answer 18

Random

Question 19

What is the main disadvantage of cross-sectional studies?

Answer 19

They cannot establish causality between variables.

Question 20

True or False: In qualitative research, data is often analyzed using statistical methods.

Answer 20

False

Question 21

What is meant by ‘sampling bias’?

Answer 21

The error that occurs when the sample is not representative of the population.

Question 22

What is the purpose of using control groups in experimental designs?

Answer 22

To compare the effects of the treatment against a group that does not receive it.

Question 23

Fill in the blank: A ________ study collects data at multiple time points to track changes.

Answer 23

Longitudinal

Question 24

What is a major challenge in conducting qualitative research?

Answer 24

Subjectivity in data interpretation.

Question 25

What does the term ‘generalizability’ refer to in research?

Answer 25

The extent to which findings from a study can be applied to broader populations.