requirements Flashcards
Determine solute concentration in a sample using a spectrophotometer and a
standard curve
measure absorbance
plot the curve (absorbance y axis, concentration x axis)
equation of line y(absorbance) = m(slope)x(concentration) + b (y intercept)
Determine solute concentration in a sample using a spectrophotometer and a
regression equation that’s provided
measure absorbance
rearrange the equation
x = (y - b)/m
y = absorbance
x = concentration
determine ph of a solution using a ph meter
dip the ph meter in the solution and wait for the number to come up
determine the pOh of a solution using a ph meter
take the ph and subtract that number from 14
Distinguish among acidic, basic, and neutral solutions in terms of pH
acidic starts from 1 and goes to 7 (neutral) from 7 it goes to 14 basic
Determine [H + ] in a solution
high H+ = low pH
Determine [OH - ] in a solution
[OH − ]=10 ^−pOH
Prepare a percent by volume solution (C 1 V 1 = C 2 V2 )
C1 = Initial concentration of the stock solution (in % by volume)
V1 = Volume of the stock solution you need to use (in mL or L)
C2 = Desired concentration of the final solution (in % by volume)
V2 = Total volume of the final solution (in mL or L)
Prepare a percent solution
PercentbyVolume= TotalVolumeofSolution(mL) VolumeofSolute(mL) ×100
Measure volume using a graduated cylinder, serological pipette, and/or a
micropipette
Interpret information that is stamped on a serological pipette
Relate enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, pH, and temperature to activity of an enzyme
Enzyme activity goes up as enzyme concentration, substrate concentration (to a point), and temperature goes up. Enzyme activity is optimal at certain pH levels
Determine activity of an enzyme from a regression equation that’s obtained by plotting data in Microsoft Excel
y = mx+b ; m = enzyme activity
Determine respiration rate of yeast cells by plotting data in Microsoft Excel
Determine activity of an enzyme by plotting time vs absorbance data in Microsoft
Excel
Determine respiration rate of yeast cells from a regression equation that’s obtained
by plotting data in Microsoft Excel
y = mx+b ; m = respiration rate
Measure percent Transmittance (%T) for a sample using a spectrophotometer
Determine proportion (percentage) of dividing cells in a medium from counts
obtained using a hemocytometer
proportion of dividing cells = number of dividing cells / total number of cells
Determine OD 600 value for a sample using a spectrophotometer
Distinguish between viable and nonviable cells after staining with methylene blue
solution
viable cells are clear and nonviable are blue
Determine cell concentration in a yeast medium using a hemocytometer and calculate percent cell viability in the medium
Identify differences in cell division among yeast, animal, and plant cells
yeast cells divide by budding, animal cells divide with a cleavage furrow, and plant cells divide by forming a cell plate
Determine chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid concentrations in a sample
from spectrophotometer readings
concentration = absorbance / Molar absorptivity coefficient * 10 mm
Relate Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium principle to allele frequencies in a population
p+q=1
Relate effect of population size on persistence time of an allele in a population
Relate effect of heterozygote advantage on persistence time of an allele in a population
Relate effect of increasing or decreasing fitness of an allele on persistence time of the allele in a population
Calculate allele frequencies from genotype frequencies (see questions at the end
of the Modeling Evolution lab)
Calculate frequency of genotypes from allele frequencies (see questions at the end
of the Modeling Evolution lab)
p+q=1
p = frequency of the dominant alelle
q = frequency of the recessive alelle
Be familiar with all the information that’s in each of the relevant lab exercises in the
manual
