Required Practicals Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

(RP.1) Draw the Set up for the investigation of the variation of frequency of stationary waves on a string with length tension and mass per unit length

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

(RP.1) State any safety Precautions for the investigation of the variation of frequency of stationary waves on a string with length tension and mass per unit length

A

. Place a suitable Crash bad under the weights to prevent floor damage if the rope fractures

. Don’t Place feet under the weights

. Wear Goggles for protection if the wires break

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

(RP.1) for the investigation of the variation of frequency of stationary waves on a string with length tension and mass per unit length

Briefly Explain how you’ll investigate the relationship between frequency and mass per unit length

A

The Fundamental frequency should be found for Different Wires (different mass per unit length)
Keeping Length and Tension identical

Plot a graph of f^2 against 1/(mass per unit length) as per the formula

Straight line through origin proves inverse proportion to f^2 and mass per unit length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

(RP.2) Draw the Set up for the investigation of the interference effects to include the Young’s slit experiment and interference by a diffraction grating

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

(RP.1) Explain the essential theory of the variation of frequency of stationary waves on a string with length tension and mass per unit length

A

If the wire is plucked

It will vibrate at its fundamental frequency with nodes at each end

Distance between nodes is 1/2 of a wavelength, so the wavelength is double this distance

f = 1/2L * (Tension/Mass per unit length)^1/2

for consecutive Harmonics multiply the harmonic number by the frequency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

(RP.2) Explain the essential theory for the investigation of interference effects to include the young’s slit experiment and interference by a diffraction grating.

A

When Monochromatic Light such as a laser beam, is shone through a diffraction grating.

An interference pattern is shown

There is a central bright maximum with further maximum of decreasing intensity either side.

the angle of a particular maximum to the normal, is given by the equation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

(RP.2) Explain how to conduct the experiment for the investigation of interference effects to include the young’s slit experiment and interference by a diffraction grating

A

Adjust the distance D between the grating and the screen until a number of orders can be seen and sufficiently apart to be measured with a millimetre scale

Secure a piece of paper to the front of the screen

Mark the centre of the maximas then switch the laser off

Remove the piece of paper and measure the distance between the maxima between each of the 1st orders

then determine the angle between by using tanx=(distance between maximas*0.5 / Distance to screen)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

(RP.2) Explain the safety precautions for the investigation of interference effects to include the young’s slit experiment and interference by a diffraction grating

A

. Never look directly into beam

. Never point the beam at a person

.Avoid reflections of the beam

. Always point you back to the lasers when it is on

.Switch laser off when not in use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

(RP.2) Explain how the uncertainty can be reduced for the investigation of interference effects to include the young’s slit experiment and interference by a diffraction grating

A

Move the screen further away to increase the distance between maximas

Use a grating with smaller line separation to increase distance between maximas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

(RP.2) Explain the essential theory for the investigation of interference effects to include the young’s slit experiment and interference by young’s double slit

A

Wavelength can be determined by using a double slit to produce an interference pattern

By measuring the slit spacing, fringe spacing and distance to the screen

The formula can be used to calculate the wavelength of light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

(RP.2) for the investigation of interference effects to include the young’s slit experiment and interference

How could a student determine the fringe separation more accurately

A

Measure across several fringes

Work out the mean fringe spacing between maxima

mark maxima within dark fringes instead of bright fringes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

(RP.3) Explain the essential theory of the determination of g via free fall method

A

free falling = object falling vertically under gravity with no other forces acting on it

Falling within air will produce air resistance, but provided the object is made of dense material and its speed isn’t excessive we can consider it negligible

with this assumption we then use the equations for uniformly accelerating (SUVAT)

s= ut + 1/2at

if the object is released from rest u=0 and the object falls height h

h = -1/2gt^2 where g = -9.8

therefore t^2 = 2/g * h

Plot a graph of t^2 y-axis and h x-axis

gradient = 2/g

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

(RP.3) Explain how to conduct an experiment for the determination of g via free fall

A

Time is measured using an electronic stop clock that reads to a 1/100 th of a second

When the switch is open the electromagnet should hold the steel ball bearing in place

When the switch closes the ball is released and the stop-clock simultaneously activates

The clock stops when the ball its the trapdoor

Repeat the experiment at least 3 times and average the time for this height

Repeat over multiple heights

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

(RP.3) Explain the safety precautions for the determination of g via free fall

A

Make sure no short circuits occur but including resistors

A suitable container should be placed under the trapdoor to catch the ball bearing
and prevent a trip hazard forming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

(RP.2) Draw the set up for the investigation of interference effects to include young’s slit experiment and interference by diffraction grating

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Explain the essential theory for determining the modulus of a material by a simple method

A

Young’s modulus = Stress/Strain

Rearranging we can get F = EA/L * Delta L

A Graph of applied force F against extension will produce a linear graph of gradient EA/L which we can use to derive young’s modulus

17
Q

(RP.4) Explain how to conduct an investigation for determining the young’s modulus of a material by a simple method

Draw a diagram for this

A

Thin copper wires should be tightly clamped to avoid slipping and should be as long as possible

Weights are added until the wire is taut and the initial reading of the marker is taken

Extension is then determined for additional loads

18
Q

(RP.4) What are the safety precautions that should be observed filer the investigation of a materials young modulus

A

Place a suitable Crashpad under the weight to prevent damage to floor if the wire fractures

Don’t place feet under weights

Wear goggles for protection if the wire breaks

19
Q

(RP.5) Explain the Essential theory of the determination of the resistivity of a wire

A

(p = Roe = resistivity)

Resistivity is given by the equation R = pL/A (R = Resistance, L = Length of wire, A = Cross sectional Area)

Plot R on the y axis against L

Linear line through the origin with gradient p/A

If we Determine A then we can determine p

20
Q

(RP.5) Explain how to carry out an investigation of the determination of a wires resistivity

Draw a diagram for this

A

Connect a cell, ammeter in series with a voltmeter in parallel to a length of wire with crocodile clips either end that can be moved

For varying lengths of wire create a set of data for voltages & Current and use V/I = R to calculate resistances

21
Q

(RP.5) Explain the safety precaution for the investigation of a wires resistivity

Explain the other benefit to this precaution

A

Connect a resistor within the circuit to prevent short circuiting

A current larger then 0.5Amps could heat the wire and therefore change its resistivity due to increase in temperature

22
Q

(RP.6) Explain the essential theory for the investigation of the emf and internal resistance of cells

A

When there’s a current within an electrical cell

Terminal PD < EMF of the cell

Because work has to be done overcoming the internal resistance

Can be expressed with V = emf - I*(internal res)

If we measure the PD for different values of the current via a variable resistor

Plot a graph of V against I, a linear graph will form of a gradient of -(Internal res) and a y-intercept of the emf

23
Q

(RP.6) Explain the safety precautions for the investigation of emf and internal resistance of a cell

A

Connect a resistor within the circuit to prevent short circuiting when the variable resistor is on minimum value