Required Practical 5 Flashcards
Distillation of a product from a reaction.
What is distillation used for?
Used as a separation technique to separate an organic product from its reacting mixture.
How would you maximise yield when distilling a product?
In order to maximise yield collected, only collect the distillate at the approximate boiling point of the desired product and not higher.
Draw and label a diagram of the apparatus used in distillation.
Why does water go into the bottom of the condenser when setting up distillation apparatus?
To go against gravity allowing for more efficient cooling and prevention of the backflow of water.
Why are electric heaters often used to heat organic chemicals?
This is because organic chemicals are normally highly flammable and could set fire with a naked flame.
What is reflux used for?
- Reflux is used when heating organic reaction mixtures for long periods.
- A condenser prevents organic vapours from escaping by condensing them back into liquids.
Draw and label a diagram of the apparatus used in reflux.
Why should you never seal the end of a condenser when setting up a distillation or reflux apparatus?
The build-up of gas pressure could cause the apparatus to explode.
Why are anti-bumping granules added in distillation and reflux?
To prevent vigorous, uneven boiling by making small bubbles form instead of large bubbles.
