Required Formulas Flashcards
teaspoon (tsp) to milliliters (mL)
1 tsp = 5 mL
tablespoon (T) to milliliters (mL)
1 T = 15 mL
fluid oz to milliliters (mL)
1 fl oz = 30 mL (actual 29.57)
cup to oz
1 cup = 8 oz (240 mL)
pint to oz
1 pint = 16 oz (480 mL)
quart to pint
1 quart = 2 pints (960 mL)
gallon to quart
1 gallon = 4 quarts (3,840 mL)
kilogram (kg) to pounds (lbs)
1 kg = 2.2 lb
oz to grams (g)
1 oz = 28.4 g
pounds (lb) to grams (g)
1 lb = 454 g
grains to miligrams (mg)
1 grain = 65 mg (actual 64.8)
mEq to mmol
monovalent ions = 1 mEq : 1 mmol
dilavent ions = 1 mEq : 0.5 mmol
inch (in) to centimeters (cm)
1 in = 2.54 cm
meter (m) to centimeters (cm)
1 m = 100 cm
% w/v
x g/100 mL
% w/w
x g/100 g
% v/v
x mL/ 100 mL
percentage strength
100 / ratio strength
ratio strength
100 / percnetage strength
parts per million (PPM) to percentage strength
move the decimal left 4 places
percentage strength to parts per million (PPM)
move the decimal right 4 places
specific gravity
weight of substance (g) / weight of equal volume of water (g; mL)
osmolarity (mOsmol/L)
( weight of substance in g/L / molecular weight in g/mole) x # of particles x 1,000
Isotonicity (E value)
E = (58.5 x i) / (MW of drug x 1.8)
moles
moles = g/MW
mEq
(mg x valence) / MW
correct calcium
Ca(corrected) = calcium + [(4-albumin) x 0.8]
parenteral nutritional calories: dextrose
dextrose = 3.4 kcal/gram
parenteral nutritional calories: amino acids
amino acid solutions = 4 kcal/gram
parenteral nutritional calories: fat
fat = 9 kcal/gram
total energy expenditure
TEE = BEE x activity factor x stress factor
grams of nitrogen from protein
nitrogen (g) = protein intake (g) / 6.25
creatinine clearance (cockcroft-gault)
CrCl = (140-age)/(72xSCr) x weight (kg) x 0.85 (if female)
BMI
BMI (kg/m^2) = weight (kg) / height^2 (m)
BMI = weight (lb) / height^2 (in) x 703
ideal body weight (IBW)
IBW (males) = 50kg + (2.3 x inches over 60)
IBW (females) = 45.5 + (2.3 x inches over 60)
adjusted body weight (AdjBW)
AdjBW = IBW + 0.4(TBW - IBW)
anion gap (AG)
AG = Na - Cl - HCO3
ANC (cells/m^3)
ANC = WBC x [(%segs + %bands)/100]
celcius to fahrenheit
C = (F-32)/1.8
fahrenheit to celcius
F = (Cx1.8) + 32
risk
risk = number of subjects with unfavorable event / total number of subjects
risk reduction (RR)
RR = risk in treatment group / risk in control group
relative risk reduction (RRR)
RRR = (% risk in control - % risk in treatment) / % risk in control
number needed to treat (NNT)
NNT = 1/ ARR
absolute risk reduction (ARR)
ARR = %risk in control - %risk in treatment
rule of 500 for rapid acting insulin (carb ratio)
500 / total daily dose of insulin (TDD) = grams of carbs covered by 1 unit of rapid-acting insulin
rule of 450 for regular insulin (carb ratio)
450 / total daily dose of insulin (TDD) = grams of carbs covered by 1 unit of regular insulin
1,800 rule (correction factor for rapid-acting insulin)
1,800 / TDD = correction factor for 1 unit of rapid-acting insulin
1,500 rule (correction factor for regular insulin)
1,500 / TDD = correction factor for 1 unit of regular insulin
LDL
LDL = TC - HDL - (TG/5)
*do not use if TG > 400
BSA
BSA = square root[(cm x kg)/3600]
half-life
t1/2 = 0.693 / ke
phenytoin correction
phenytoin corrected = total measured phenytoin / [(0.2x albumin) + 0.1]
