Required Cases Flashcards
Engel v Vitale (1962)
Debated whether prayer in public schools was constitutional. The court ruled in favor of Engel, against the public schools’ prayers, preserving the first and fourteenth amendments.
Wisconsin v Yoder (1971)
Required all Wisconsin citizens to go to school until age 16, which goes against the Amish’s beliefs that kids should only be educated up till grade 8. The court ruled in favor of the Amish, protecting the first amendment.
Tinker v Des Moines (1969)
Was about an armband being worn in school. The court ruled that no student expression can be suppressed as long as it doesn’t interfere with learning/school rules. Protects the first amendment.
Schenck v U.S. (1919)
Espionage Act (1917) was validated by Supreme Court ruling due to “wartime circumstances”
New York Times v U.S. (1971)
Confirmed the right to press (first amendment) through the publishing of the Pentagon Papers.
Gideon v Wainwright (1963)
6th Amendment upheld by Supreme Court decision; all persons are entitled to council, no matter how much income you make
Roe v Wade (1973)
Abortion is protected under 4h amendment- right privacy. Or at least for the first trimester
McDonald v Chicago (2010)
Court ruled that the second amendment must be protected
Brown v The Board of Education (1952-54)
Disproved the “separate but equal” precedent set half a century earlier. Required classrooms and schools to be desegregated.
Shaw v Reno (1993)
Ruled that gerrymandering based on race alone was unconstitutional- found North Carolina guilty.
Civil Liberties
The unalienable rights we have that we are born with
Civil Rights
The freedom/protection from discrimination based on gender, sex, nationality, ethnicity, race, age (etc.)
McCulloch v Maryland
Maryland tried to tax the 2nd Bank of the United States since it was located within their borders. The Justices decided to rule in favor of McCulloch on the basis of the “necessary and proper” clause. The Bank was ruled constitutional.
Baker v Carr
Tennessee didn’t redistrict their voting precincts, so rural areas had more voting power than urban areas. 14th amendment’s equal protection clause meant the state was infringing on that right. Established the one person, one vote doctrine.
Marbury v Madison
Adams refused to give some commissions to federal judges. The Court said Marbury had the right to get his commission. The Court could not issue a Writ of Mandamus, however, so he never got his commission.
