Republican Rule 1649-53 Flashcards
What was the rump Parliament
The name given to parliament after it was purged in December 1648
Give some examples of the rumps reforms
In 1615 and bought an end to compulsory attendance of church
What was the armies main problem with the rump
It’s failure to produce constitutional reform
Why was Ireland a problem
It remains largely catholic Catholics had been a problem for England and after the regicide some Irish supported Charles Stuart
When did Cromwell land in Ireland and why
In August 1649 to put down rebellion and punish the Catholics for the 1641 .
he also wanted to exploit it financially
Why were Drogheda and Wexford so controversial
Because they had such high numbers of civilian casualties and seemed to present Cromwell as a tyrant
Why did Cromwell return from Ireland
To prepare to meet the threat from Scotland following their support for Charles Stuart
What agreement to Charles Stewart accept with Argyll
He accepted the covenant
What happened at Dunbar on 3 September 1650
Cromwell defeated a larger Scottish army. some 3000 Scots were killed and 10,000 captured.
No more than 20 of the new model Army were killed
What did this for us Charles Stuart to do
Invade England with what Scottish forces he could get
What was England’s reaction to Charles Stuart
Few rallied to support him perhaps because they knew he would not win
Why did the Dutch appear to be natural allies
They were Protestant
They had a greater degree of religious toleration
How was there conflict between the Dutch and English
Holland have a merchant class that was strongly republican that were opposed by the orangist party led by William of Orange.
The orangists made royalist exiles welcome.
There were escalating clashes at sea and telephone able engagement between Von Trump and England’s Blake.
This resulted in full-scale war
What was the main undercurrent of this war
Economic competition over trading rights
How did the Dutch war create army resentment
The money spent on the Navy
The Navy being used as a political counterweight to the army
Fighting another protestant republic
How did the levellers react
They denounced the rump.
Lilburne attacked the grandees for betraying what people had fought for.
He appealed to the nation to reject the rule of what he regarded as a self seeking council of state and a puppet Parliament
Why were the levellers regarded as a threat by the grandees
The alliance of army leaders and levellers had collapsed before the Kings execution
They also disagreed on the amount of religious freedom is that should be allowed
Why would the diggers significant despite their failure
Because of the foundations they laid for future
radicals
Why was the rump so Conservative
The conservatism of MPs Economic factors Security situation Bulwark against radicals Fear of radical religious groups The Dutch war
What to keep problems did the interregnum regimes face
Conservative demands for a return to political normality set against a radical minority especially in the army.
The relationship between Parliament and the new model Army was fragile
What decision did Cromwell make after the victory at Dunbar
He wrote to urge the Rump to reform and eventually Cromwell and the army made the decision to remove the rump
Why did Cromwell remove the rump
The cutting of the army budget
Parliamentary control of army commands
Preventing the ungodly returning to political power
His own vision of a godly nation and political settlement
What was Cromwell not interested in
Being a military dictator because as a political Conservative he sort another parliament as a means of settlement
How was the Parliament of saints chosen
They were nominated rather than elected
Give all the names for the Parliament of the saints
The nominated assembly and the barebones Parliament
How was the nominated assembly ahead of its time
The reform of the law on debt
More humane treatment of the insane
Civil registration of births deaths and marriages
Tougher measures against steeves and Highwayman
Despite it being ahead of its time how was the nominated assembly unsuccessful
None of these measures were too radical to frighten moderates. There was some that wanted
to go further
Why were religious radicals a threat to the nominated assembly? give examples
Despite they’re not being many of them they were well organised.
They voted to abolish Chancery, to abolish lay patronage of church living and desire to get rid of the tithes
Why were the fifth monarchists actions a problem
Alienated moderates in and outside the assembly including Cromwell
Why did Cromwell disbands the assembly. Needs quotes.
He said it would result in “the subversion of your laws and of all the liberties of this nation… In a word, the confusion of all things”
