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Republic of Rome - Test 1 > Republic of Rome - Test 1 > Flashcards

Republic of Rome - Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Aedile

A
  • Responsible for maintenance of public buildings and regulation of public festivals
  • 2 types: Plebian and Curule
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2
Q

Assidui

A
  • Citizens who were liable for military service in the main line of battle
  • Latin for diligent, loyal
  • Part of the first 5 census classes created under Servius Tullius
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3
Q

Augur

A

-A priest who interpreted the will of the gods by studying the flight of birds

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4
Q

Auspices

A

-When an Augur is interpreting omens from observed flights of birds, this is referred to as “taking the auspices”

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5
Q

Biennium

A

-A period of two years

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6
Q

Censor

A

-Responsible for maintaining census, supervising public morality, and overseeing certain aspects of the government’s finances

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7
Q

Century

A
  • Centurions commanded centuries of troops
  • developed under the Servian reforms
  • Could contain 200 to 1000 men
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8
Q

Client

A
  • Patron was the protector, sponsor, and benefactor to client
  • the patron helped and did favors for his clients because his wealth enabled him too
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9
Q

Client

A
  • Patron was the protector, sponsor, and benefactor to client
  • the patron helped and did favors for his clients because his wealth enabled him too
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10
Q

Comitia Centuriata

A
  • Ancient Roman military assembly
  • It decided on war and peace, passed laws, elected consuls, praetors, and censors, and considered appeals of capital convictions
  • Included Plebeians and Patricians
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11
Q

Comitia Tributa

A
  • “The tribal assembly” was an assembly consisting of all Roman citizens convened by the tribes
  • Citizens organized in 35 tribes (4 Urban, 31 Rural)
  • Tribes voted on legislative, judicial, and electoral matters
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12
Q

Concilium Plebis

A
  • Plebeian Council was the principal popular assembly of the ancient Roman Republic
  • Legislative assembly, through which the plebeians could pass laws, elect magistrates, and try judicial cases
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13
Q

Contio

A

-A public meeting convened by a magistrate

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14
Q

Consul

A
  • highest elected political office in the Roman Republic
  • pinnacle office that could be achieved through the Cursus Honorum
  • Two consuls elected each year serving a 1 year term
  • Consuls alternated holding imperium each month
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15
Q

Curule Office

A
  • Were entitled by the virtue of their office to sit in the Curule Chair
  • Dictator, Censor, Consul, Praetor, Curule Aedile
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16
Q

Dictator

A
  • Chief Magistrate in Rome
  • Entrusted with full authority of the state to deal with a military emergency or undertake a specific duty
  • Had to resign once his task was complete
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17
Q

Fasces

A
  • A set of rods bound in the form of a bundle which contained an axe
  • Lictors of a magistrate carried fasces
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18
Q

Fetiales

A
  • Priests in Ancient Rome devoted to Jupiter as the patron of good faith
  • Advised the Senate on foreign affairs and international treaties, making formal proclamations of peace and war, and confirming treaties
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19
Q

Fides

A
  • Meant reliability, a sense of trust between two parties if a relationship was to exist
  • Fides was a goddess of good faith
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20
Q

Flamines

A
  • Preist assigned to one of fifteen deities with official cults during the Roman Republic
  • Flamines Maiores and Flamines Minores
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21
Q

Haruspex (p. Haruspices)

A
  • A person trained to inspect the organs of sacrificed animals
  • Usually sheep or poultry
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22
Q

Intercessio (veto)

A

-A political veto of a magistrate against the actions of any other magistrate of inferior power

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23
Q

Iudex (judge)

A
  • A man who declared the law

- Can refer to a single judge, a bench of judges, and the court as an institution

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24
Q

Iurisconsulti (law experts)

A
  • A class of specialist who were learned in the law

- Wealthy amateurs who dabbled in law as an intellectual hobby

25
Q

Ius Civile

A

-Roman Law

26
Q

Ius Civile

A

-Roman Civil Law that applied only to citizens

27
Q

Ius Honorarium

A

-Law developed in edicts and issued by praetors aiding, supplementing, or amending existing rules or procedures of the ius civile

28
Q

Legate

A
  • General of the Roman army

- Outranked all military tribunes

29
Q

Legate

A
  • General of the Roman army
  • Outranked all military tribunes
  • Proconsul was his immediate superior
30
Q

Lictor

A
  • servant to magistrates that held imperium

- held fasces

31
Q

Master of the Horse

A
  • appointed and dismissed by the Dictator

- Served as the dictators first lieutenant

32
Q

Military Tribune

A
  • Officer in the Roman army who ranked below the legate and above the centurion
  • Usually young men of equestrian rank
33
Q

Mos Maiorum

A
  • Ancestral custom or “Way of the Elders”

- Unwritten code where Romans developed their social norms

34
Q

Municipium/Municipia

A

-community incorporated into the Roman state after the dissolution of the Latin League

35
Q

Nobiles/Noble

A

-A social rank achieved if a member of the family achieved consulship

36
Q

Novus Homo (New Man)

A

-First in family to serve in the Roman Senate, or more specifically, to be elected as consul

37
Q

Quaestor

A
  • Lowest ranking regular magistrate in Rome

- Traditional responsibility was the treasury

38
Q

Patrician

A

-Ruling class families in Ancient Rome

39
Q

Patron

A
  • Patron was the protector, sponsor, and benefactor to client
  • the patron helped and did favors for his clients because his wealth enabled him too
40
Q

Plebeian

A

-Everyone who wasn’t in the wealthy Patrician class

41
Q

Pontifex

A

-Member of a council of priests in Ancient Rome

42
Q

Pontifex Maximus

A

-“Greatest Pontiff” was the high priest of the College of Pontiffs

43
Q

Praetor

A

-Either a commander of an army or an elected magistrate

44
Q

Praetor Peregrinus

A

-“The praetor who administers justice among foreigners”

45
Q

Praetor Urbanus

A
  • Presided in Civil cases between citizens

- In the absence of Consuls, he was the Senior Magistrate in the city

46
Q

Praetor Urbanus

A
  • Presided in Civil cases between citizens within Rome

- In the absence of Consuls, he was the Senior Magistrate in the city

47
Q

Praetor’s Edict

A

-An annual declaration of principles made by the new Praetor urbanus

48
Q

Proconsul

A

-A consul whose powers had been extended for a definite period after his regular term of one year

49
Q

Propraetor

A

-Held all the powers of a praetor but his term in office was prolonged

50
Q

Prorogation

A

-Time between legislative sessions

51
Q

Province

A

-The largest territorial and administrative unit of the Empire’s territorial possessions

52
Q

Provocatio

A

-The right to appeal a decision of a magistrate that had a direct negative impact upon that citizen

53
Q

Sacrosanctity

A

-The declaration of physical inviolability of a temple, a sacred object, or a person through the lex sacrata

54
Q

Senate

A

-self-explanatory

55
Q

Sibylline Books

A

-Collection of oracular utterances that were consulted during crises

56
Q

Tribune of the Plebs

A
  • First office of the Roman state open to the Plebeians

- Most important check on the power of Roman Senate and magistrates

57
Q

Triumph

A

-Civil ceremony and religious rite of ancient Rome, held to celebrate the success of a military commander

58
Q

Vestal Virgin

A
  • Priestesses of Vesta, goddess of the hearth

- Sacred fire couldn’t go out

Republic of Rome - Test 1 (7 decks)

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