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Wildlife Center of Virginia Externship > Reptiles > Flashcards

Reptiles Flashcards

1
Q

black rat snake INSERT

A

Black rat snake

elaphe obsoleta obsoleta

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2
Q

habitat of the black rat snake

A

variety

rocky hills/mountains to farmlands at sea level

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3
Q

how to differentiate a black rat snake for a black racer

A

rat snake: keeled scales and body shape in cross-section that resembles a bread loaf rather than rounded tube

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4
Q

when do rat snakes emerge from winter hibernation

A

march through may, soon after they begin seeking a mate (late april - june)

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5
Q

rat snake reproduction

A

lay 12-20 eggs in hidden area (under logs, in leaves, in burrows)

eggs take about 70d to hatch

in good conditions females can produce 2 clutches / year

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6
Q

diet of rat snakes

A

primary: rodents (mice, rats, also chipmunks, moles, etc), bird eggs and young birds

juvis eat small lizards, baby rodents, small frogs

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7
Q

how do rat snakes kill prey

A

constriction

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8
Q

insert

A

eastern box turtle

terrapene carolina carolina

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9
Q

habitat of box turtle

A

open woodlands, pastures, marsh meadows

near streams/ponds, often soak in shallow water

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10
Q

box turtle hibernation

A

hibernation starts in october

winter in loose soil up to 2 feet deep

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11
Q

diet of box turtle

A

opportunistic omnivore as adults

young are primarily carnivorous

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12
Q

mating season for box turtle

A

begins in spring and continues to october

males mate with many females

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13
Q

unique sperm storage in box turtle female

A

can store sperm and lay fertile eggs for up to 4 years after one successful mating

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14
Q

nesting for box turtles

A

may through july
usually 3-8 eggs are buried in sandy soil

female lays several clutches / year

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15
Q

egg characteristics of box turtle

A

elliptical shape

thin, white, flexible shell

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16
Q

incubation of box turtle eggs

A

3 mo, varies w/ soil temp and moisture

17
Q

box turtles reach sexual maturity

A

7-10 years old and 5 inches in length

18
Q

differentiating male v female box turtle

A

males concaved plastron, longer thicker tails, +/- presence of red iris

19
Q

lifespan of box turtle

A

wild over 100 years

captive 30 years

20
Q

homerange of box turtles

A

230m diameter territory
very strong homing instinct
very important to have accurate release site

21
Q

insert

A

painted turtle

chrysemys picta

22
Q

painted turtle habitat

A

slow moving shallow water (ponds, marshes, creek, lake) with soft bottoms and many basking sites and aquatic veg

23
Q

feeding season for painted turtles

A

when temperature is above 15C/59F (april/may) and stops when it gets cold in september

24
Q

diet of painted turtles

A

aquatic plants and animals (omnivores)

25
Q

breeding season for painted turtles

A

march 16- may 31

peak nesting in june/july w/in close range of water

26
Q

clutch for painted turtles

A

multiple / year (2-5 clutches)
clutch size 1-23 eggs
incubation 80d

27
Q

how are the genders of painted turtle eggs determined

A

incubation temperature

cooler = more males

28
Q

sexual maturity for painted turtles

A

by size not age
males w/ plastron 70-95mm
females with plastrong 97-128

males have longer front claws and longer tales w/ vent located distally

29
Q

lifespan of painted turtle

A

reported 30+ years

30
Q

insert

A 
snapping turtle 
chelydra serpentina (common) 
Macrochelys temminckii (alligator)
31
Q

habitat of common snapping turtle

A

highly aquatic

lakes, ponds, slow rivers

32
Q

wintering of snapping turtles

A

burrow into muddy bottoms of ponds under logs or debris or in holes on bank

33
Q

how do snapping turtles breath when hibernating

A

through special membranes in their throats or through the capillaries of the cloacal epithelium

34
Q

breeding season for snapping turtles

A

late april to november

nesting from may to october, peak in june

35
Q

clutch

A

hard, tough eggs

hatches 90d and emerge late summer or overwinter in the nest

36
Q

sexual maturity for snapping turtles

A

11-13yr

37
Q

diet of snapping turtle

A

omnivore
fish, carrion, inverts, veggies, frogs, crabs, mollusks and other aquatic animals, reptiles, or mammals

they wait and hide for prey

38
Q

most common presentations for snapping turtles

A

HBC, fishing hook ingestion, fungal skin infection

Wildlife Center of Virginia Externship (5 decks)

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