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FL Wildlife > Reptiles > Flashcards

Reptiles Flashcards

1
Q

Extirpated

A

ceases to exist in chosen area

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2
Q

Reptiles Ranked by Species Richness (least to greatest)

A

Tuataras
Crocodilians
Turtles
Squamates

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3
Q

oviparous

A

egg layers

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4
Q

viviparous

A

live bearers

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5
Q

parthenogenesis

A

asexual females

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6
Q

Major Reptile Groups

A

testudines
crocodylia
sphenodontida
squamata

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7
Q

where is the order testudines?

A

cosmopolitan; terrestrial, fresh & marine waters

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8
Q

where if the order crocodylia

A

tropics and subtropics globa

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9
Q

where is the order sphenodontida?

A

small islands around New Zeland

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10
Q

where is the order squamata?

A

cosmopolitan

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11
Q

osteoderms

A

bony plates on back and tail

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12
Q

carapace

A

upper turtle shell

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13
Q

plastron

A

lower turtle shell

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14
Q

tomium

A

turtle beak (no teeth)

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15
Q

terrestrial turtle

A

tortoise

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16
Q

semiaquatic turtle

A

terrapin

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17
Q

cryptodires (turtles)

A

hidden-neck

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18
Q

pleurodires (turtles)

A

side-neck

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19
Q

Lepidosaurs (reptile suborder)

A

tuataras & squamates

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20
Q

ecdysis

A

shedding

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21
Q

Acrodont

A

teeth attached on top

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22
Q

Pleurodont

A

teeth attached on side

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23
Q

Thecodont

A

teeth attached inside (crocs)

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24
Q

tympanum

A

eardrum

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25
Q

relicts

A

living fossils

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26
Q

caudal autotomy

A

voluntarily amputating the tail

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27
Q

difference between snakes & lizzards

A

snakes are missing ear openings

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28
Q

weer fishing (gators)

A

creating a dam with body. animals have to pass snout

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29
Q

families and species of crocs in FL:

A

2 families, 2 species

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30
Q

families and species of chelonians in FL:

A

29

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31
Q

families and species of squamates (lizards):

A

17

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32
Q

families and species of squamates (snakes):

A

48

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33
Q

family alligatoridae

A

wide snouts with separated nostrils. overbite

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34
Q

American Alligator

A

habitats: mostly fresh water
range: statewide
other: males can grow to 14 ft. mainly nocturnal. vocal. create wallows during low water. threatened in ’70s

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35
Q

family crocodylidae

A

narrow snout. interlocking jaw. nostrils are together

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36
Q

American Crocodile

A

Habitat: fresh water & estuaries

range: southern FL coasts
other: males can grow to 15 ft.
nocturnal. federally threatened

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37
Q

family rhineuridae

A

worm lizards: look like pink worms

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38
Q

Florida Worm Lizard

A

range: almost endemic, central/north peninsula
other: completely fossorial. not well known

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39
Q

family anguidae

A

glass lizards: pleat/groove runs length of body. legless

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40
Q

Eastern Glass Lizard

A

habitat: open and grassy areas
range: entire state
other: burrow in grasses and sandy soils

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41
Q

family gekkonidae

A

geckos: lack eyelids
dorsoventrally flattened
toes with lamellae (1 native but 12 introduced)

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42
Q

FL reef gecko

A

tiny and brown. yellow and brown stripes on head
smallest native lizard
lay single eggs year round

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43
Q

family phrynosomatidae

A

spiny lizards (FL scrub and eastern fence)
keeled pointed scales
blocky heads
males have blue bellies

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44
Q

eastern fence lizard

A

gray with chevrons

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45
Q

FL scrub lizard

A

broad brown lateral band

endemic

46
Q

family dactyloidae (polychroditae)

A

anoles (1 native, 10 introduced)
granular scales
dewlap
can change color

47
Q

green anole

A

range:entire state

ability to change from green to brown

48
Q

family scincidae

A

skinks (7 species)
most species rich lizard
smooth scales w/ osteoderms underneath

49
Q

caudal autonomy

A

ability to drop tail

50
Q

dewlap

A

throat pouch

51
Q

mole skink

A

brown/beige bodies and colored tails
range: most of state
pocket gopher mounds

52
Q

FL sand skink

A

dark flecks and eye stripe
endemic
Habitat: scrub
“sandswimmer”

53
Q

southeastern 5-lined skink

A

5 thin stripes (not male… males have a red head during breeding)

54
Q

broad-headed skink

A

jowls are bright orange/red when breeding
central FL
mother broods eggs

55
Q

little brown skink

A

dark dorsolateral stripes and yellow belly
terrestrial.. moves like a serpent
mother does NOT brood eggs

56
Q

family teiidae

A

whiptails

six-lined racerunner

57
Q

six-lined racerunner

A

brown/black with 6 stripes
white belly females and juvys
bluish belly males
“sandstreak” very fast

58
Q

family chelydridae

A

snapping turtles
reduced plastron
strong claws
4 species

59
Q

snapping turtle

A

long neck, relatively wide snout

60
Q

alligators snapping turtle

A

north FL
largest freshwater turtle in NA
worm-like lure in mouth

61
Q

family emydidae

A

basking/pond turtles

11 native species

62
Q

chicken turtle

A

olive carapace with net-like markings, yellow plastron

63
Q

barbours map turtle

A

greenish/brown “sawback” carapace
range: specific panhandle rivers
extreme sexual dimorphism
threatened by pet trade

64
Q

diamond backed terrapin

A

grey skin with black flecks
coastline of entire state
turtle soup, crab traps, and pet trade

65
Q

eastern box turtle

A

highly domed shell, orange/yellow dashes
panhandle
most terrestrial FL emydid
males have a concave plastron

66
Q

Florida box turtle

A

highly domed shell
thin yellow lines
south FL and keys / statewide

67
Q

Suwannee cooter

A

dark carapace with a “C” on most scutes

west/central FL

68
Q

peninsular cooter

A

dark carapace
peninsula
often killed on roads

69
Q

Fl red-bellied cooter

A

reddish bar on costal scutes
mainly in peninsula
live close to alligators

70
Q

family Kinosternidae

A 
mud and musk turtles
distinct head stripes
muds: "K" on kinged plastron
musks: reduced plastron
4 species
aquatic "bottom walkers"
71
Q

striped mud turtle

A

brown carapace w/ 3 light stripes

statewide but not in far west panhande

72
Q

loggerhead musk turtle

A

brown carapace w/ dark flecks
not in southern half of peninsula
fully aquatic

73
Q

family testudinidae

A

tortoises
terrestrial burrower
1 species

74
Q

gopher tortoise

A

state-wide minus everglades

75
Q

family trionychidae

A

soft shells
long necks and snorkel like snout
3 species in FL

76
Q

Florida softshell

A

brown unmarked carapace

most heavily harvested species

77
Q

spiny softshell

A

spiny tubercles in nuchal region

panhandle rivers

78
Q

family cheloniidae

A

hard shelled sea turtles
flippers
4 species in FL

79
Q

green sea turtle

A

named for green fat not outer appearance

80
Q

loggerhead sea turtle

A

most abundant in FL

uses altering gate on land

81
Q

family dermochelyidae

A

leatherback sea turtles
black/grey teardrop shaped shell
1 species in FL

82
Q

leatherback sea turtle

A

black with white blotches

mouth and throat lines with spines

83
Q

family colubridae

A

non-venomous
~20 species in FL
shakes tail

84
Q

scarletsnake

A

red-black-cream bands

85
Q

black racer / north American racer

A

white chin throat

86
Q

coachwhip

A

scale pattern resembles braided bullwhip

87
Q

eastern indigo snake

A

black/blue with reddish chin and grey belly

88
Q

red cornsnake

A

reddish blotches outlined in black, “V” on head

89
Q

eastern ratsnake / yellow ratsnake

A

dark yellow with 4 dark longitudinal stripes

90
Q

gray ratsnake

A

grey/brown with blotches and weakly keeled scales

91
Q

scarlet kingsnake

A

rounded red snout, alternating red-black-yellow bands (around entire body)

92
Q

short-tailed snake

A

slender, grey body with dark brown blotches, short tail

93
Q

pine snake

A

tan/grayish body, brown/gray blotches on sides

94
Q

rough green snake

A

thin body, bright green back, yellow belly

95
Q

FL crowned snake

A

thin reddish-tan with black head

endemic

96
Q

rim rock crowned snake

A

pinkish tan with black cap on head/neck

endemic

97
Q

family dipsadidae

A 
previously in colubridae
oviparous
rear fanged
produce mild venom that is not harmful to humans
relatively small
5 species in FL
98
Q

ring-necked snake

A

small, glossy black/gray with orange/yellow belly and orange/yellow collar

99
Q

mud snake

A

glossy black with red/black checkerboard pattern on sides

100
Q

eastern hognose

A

turned up snout

plays dead when harassed

101
Q

pinewoods snake

A

“yellow-lipped snake” small/thin yellowish-brown body and darker head

102
Q

family natricidae

A 
previously in colubridae
semi-aquatic, live-bearers
mild venom- not harmful to humans
strongly keeled scales
~20 species in FL
103
Q

banded watersnake

A

variable pattern/color

104
Q

FL green watersnake

A

olive green with small dark flecks/bars

105
Q

brown water snake

A

brown body with alternating black blotches

*confused with cottonmouth

106
Q

striped crayfish snake

A

dark brown with 3 faint stripes on back

107
Q

black swamp snake

A

small shiny and black

108
Q

Florida brown snake

A

very small, gray/reddish brown body. faint stripes and “collar”

109
Q

eastern ribbon snake

A

very slender w/ long tail and 3 light stripes on back and sides

110
Q

common gartersnake

A

greenish body with numerous dashes given a checkerboard look

FL Wildlife (2 decks)

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