Reptiles

Question 1

What reptiles are most likely to be seen in a veterinary practice ?

Answer 1

Snakes, lizards, and Chelonians

Question 2

Chelonians =

Answer 2

Turtles

Question 3

The order squamata contains ______.

Answer 3

Snakes and lizards

Question 4

What reptile is most commonly used in biomedical research?

Answer 4

Snakes

Question 5

Why are snakes used for biomedical research ?

Answer 5

-There venom is used as a source of proteins for the study of biological activity at the surface cell of membranes.
-skin

Question 6

What does ectothermic mean ?

Answer 6

Vast majority of a reptiles body heat comes from outside heat sources.

Question 7

Reptiles have one visceral cavity called the ________.

Answer 7

Coelom

Question 8

True or false
Reptiles do not have a diaphragm to separate the thoracic and abdominal cavities

Answer 8

True

Question 9

What are scutes ?

Answer 9

Found in turtles, form a hard external plate with nonoverlapping sections.

Question 10

What is ect ecydysis?

Answer 10

When the outermost layer of the reptile’s skin is shed on a regular basis

Question 11

What are chromatophores?

Answer 11

Specialized pigment containing cells in the integument that allow for changing of skin color and pattern.

Question 12

Chelonians have ______ skulls

Answer 12

Anapsid

Question 13

Most reptiles have _____ skulls

Answer 13

Diapsid

Question 14

The boney shell of turtles is made of the dorsal ______ and the ventral ______ covered by scutes

Answer 14

Caraspace
Plastron

Question 15

True or false

Reptiles can not live long periods of time without breathing

Answer 15

False

Question 16

What is a glottis

Answer 16

A valve that controls the airflow in and out of the respiratory passages

Question 17

Where is the glottis of a turtle located ?

Answer 17

Behind the tongue

Question 18

Where is the glottis of a snake located ?

Answer 18

The floor of the oral cavity just caudal to the tongue and it mobile.

Question 19

True or false
Reptiles do not have vocal cords

Answer 19

True

Question 20

What is a snake or lizard’s tongue function?

Answer 20

To deliver scent to the vomeronasal organ

Question 21

What is a Tomia

Answer 21

A keratinized beak such as the beak on a turtle

Question 22

The kidneys in turtles and most lizards are ____ and _____, while in snakes they are ________.

Answer 22

Oblong and smooth
Lobulated

Question 23

Reptiles have a __ chambered heart

Answer 23

3

Question 24

True or false
Reptiles do not have voluntary control over their Iris

Answer 24

False

Question 25

What is a arboreal reptile

Answer 25

reptiles that live in trees

Question 26

Most reptiles require ultraviolet light in order to produce __________.

Answer 26

Vitamin D

Question 27

All reptiles have the ability to shed ________.

Answer 27

Salmonella

Question 28

The general guideline to holding a snakes is to have 1 restrained per ____ feet of snake

Answer 28

3 feet

Question 29

A heart rate is most easily obtained by using a _______.

Answer 29

Doppler

Question 30

Where is the catheter site for a Chelonian

Answer 30

Jugular vein

Question 31

Where is the catheter site for a lizard

Answer 31

Ventral and lateral aspects of the caudal tail vein

Question 32

Where is the catheter site for a snake

Answer 32

Ventral aspect of the casual tail vein

Question 33

Injections in reptiles can be given

Answer 33

IM or SQ

Question 34

SQ injections in reptiles can be given

Answer 34

In the lateral coelomic body wall between the scales or in the Inguinal or ventral skin folds in chelonians

Question 35

Depending on the size of the patient needle and catheter size range from ____ to ____ gauge

Answer 35

27-20

Question 36

for lizards IO fluids can be given using

Answer 36

25-30 gauge spinal needle

Question 37

Fluids are commonly administered by the

Answer 37

intracoelonic Route (ICe)

Question 38

Oral meds can be given using

Answer 38

A feeding tube or just titrated in with a syringe

Question 39

For most species of reptiles core body temperature should be kept between __ and __ F during anesthesia

Answer 39

80-90F

Question 40

The blood volume for most reptiles is ___ to ___ % of their total body weight

Answer 40

5-8%

Question 41

___% of a reptiles circulating blood volume can be withdrawn safely

Answer 41

10

Question 42

Reptiles are most susceptible when their enclosures are not properly sanitized or when environmental conditions are not appropriate. Clinical signs include: open mouth breathing with the head extended

Answer 42

Pneumonia

Question 43

Problem shedding of the skin; incomplete shedding

Answer 43

Dysecdysis

Question 44

Can occur in chelonians as a result of poor water quality, inappropriate substrates, inadequate nutrition, stress, and insufficient ultraviolet light exposure.

Answer 44

Shell trauma

Question 45

Any condition that causes straining can cause _____

Answer 45

Organ prolapse

Question 46

Result of long term dietary deficiency of calcium or vitamin D, lack of exposure to UV light, and/or a negative dietary calcium to phosphorus ratio. Common clinical signs are: pliable mandible or maxillae, kyphosis, scoliosis, fractures, tremors, lameness, abnormal shell development, and or the over inability to move.

Answer 46

MBD metabolic bone disease

Question 47

A disorder most commonly seen in chelonians that are fed a diet of vitamin A- poor foods such as iceberg lettuce and cucumbers. Can effect numerous epithelial tissues. The most common clinical sign is edema of the eyelids.

Answer 47

Hypovitaminosis A

Question 48

Results from an increase in Uric acid in the bloodstream that results in the deposition of the excess uric acid crystals around the joints, in the SQ space, and in the viscera. Things that may contribute to this are dehydration, kidney damage, and excessive protein intake

Answer 48

Gout