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Pharmacology II > Reproductive Therapy > Flashcards

Reproductive Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the prostaglandins?

A

Prostamate
Lutalyse
Estrumate
Misoprostol

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2
Q

What are the progestagens?

A

Regu-mate
Altrenogest
Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA)
Megesterol acetate

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3
Q

What are the progesterones?

A

CIDRs
Synovex
Melengesterol acetate (MGA)

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4
Q

What are progesterone antagonists?

A

Aglepristone

RU486

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5
Q

What are the estrogens?

A

Diethyl-stilbestrol
Estradiol
Estriol (Incurin)

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6
Q

What are the anabolics?

A

Mibolerone (Cheque)

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7
Q

What are the GnRH analogs?

A

Deslorelin acetate (Superlorin F)
Leuprolide acetate for ddepot (LupronDepot)
Deslorelin (Ovuplant, SucroMate, BioRelease)

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8
Q

What is the GnRH vaccine

A

Improvest

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9
Q

What is a prolactin inhibitor?

A

Cabergoline (Galastop)

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10
Q

What are the tocolytics?

A

Terbutaline
Epinephrine
Clenbuterol
Buscopam

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11
Q

What are the ecbolics?

A

Prostaglandins
Ergonovine
Oxytocin

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12
Q

What are the clinical uses of prostaglandins?

A

Pregnancy termination/abortion; terminate diestrus
Short cycling of polyestrous animals
It causes smooth muscle contraction so we can see evacuation of uterine fluid in mares and dogs
Can also work on epididymis in stallions by assisting with spermiostasis and plugged ampullae

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13
Q

What are the clinical uses of progestagens (altrenogest)?

A

Progesterone supplementation in pregnant mares
Blocks behavioral estrus in mares
Decrease libido in stallions/geldings/dogs
Tx for dogs diagnosed with hypoluteism
Impending abortion in mares and dogs

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14
Q

What are the clinical uses of medroxyprogesterone acetate?

A

Long term estrus suppression in dogs- used in racing greyhounds
Behavior modification in mares- does not alter interovulatory interval

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15
Q

What are the clinical uses of megesterol acetate?

A

Estrus suppression in dogs/cats
Pregnancy maintenance in hypoluteism in dogs
Appetite stimulant in cats

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16
Q

What are the clinical uses of CIDRs?

A

Used in estrus synchronization programs in cattle, small ruminants, and horses
Tx of cystic ovarian follicles in cows

17
Q

What are the clinical uses of melengesterol acetate (feed additive)?

A

Cheaper way to synchronize estrus in cattle

Effective and used commonly in feedlot heifers

18
Q

What are the clinical uses of progesterone antagonists?

A

This blocks progesterone receptors
Used for pregnancy termination in multiple species
Induction of parturition in some species
Medical management of pyometra

19
Q

What are the clinical uses of estrogens?

A

Urinary incontinence in dogs responsive to estrogens
Estrus synchronization in mares when combined with progesterone
Estrus synchronization in cattle outside of USA
Estrus induction in dogs
Mismating in dogs

20
Q

What are the cilnical uses of anabolics?

A

Long term estrus suppression in dogs

Limits endometrium’s exposure to progesterone-may be prevent pyometra

21
Q

What are the clinical uses of GnRH analogs?

A

Use in ferrets with Cushings

Use in men with prostate disease

22
Q

What are the clinical uses of deslorelin?

A

Temporarily increases libido followed by down regulation
Ovulation induction in mares
Useful for estrus induction in dogs
Chemical sterilization in dogs
Adrenal tumors in ferrets (so ferrets with cushings)

23
Q

What are the clinical uses of the GnRH vaccine?

A

Alternative to castrating piglets (immunologically castrated)
Reach mature weight faster, greater feed efficiency, boar taint odor in meat avoided, reduce carbon footprint

24
Q

What are the clinical uses of prolactin inhibitors?

A

Estrus induction in dogs
Pregnancy termination in dogs/cats
Medical management of pyometra in dogs
Mammary hyperplasia/false pregnancy in dogs/cats

25
Q

What are the clinical uses of anabolic steroids?

A

Treat pseudocyesis/false pregnancy

Terminate pregnancy

26
Q

What are the estrus suppression options in dogs?

A 
Mibolerone
Deslorelin
Progestogens
Medroxyprogesterone acetate
Levonorgestrel/ethinylestradiol
27
Q

How does mibolerone work?

A

Negative feedback to the pituitary decreases synthesis and release of LH and FSH

28
Q

How do progestogens work?

A

Megesterol acetate
Act locally to prevent follicular growth, estrogen production and subsequently ovulation
LH levels are not altered

29
Q

What are the estrus suppression options in cats?

A

No approved product in US

Megesterol acetate is used

30
Q

What are the estrus suppression option in horses?

A

Altrenogest (progestagens)- Medroxyprogesterone acetate

31
Q

How does altrenogest work?

A

Blocks behavioral estrus in mares

Decreases libido in stallions/geldings/dogs

32
Q

What are the options for pregnancy termination?

A 
Prostaglandins
Progesterone antagonists
Estrogen
Prolactin inhibitors
Megesterol acetate
Corticosteroids
Anabolic steroids
33
Q

What are the side effects associated with prostaglandins?

A 
Sweating
Panting
Vomiting
Defecation
Dose dependent
Acclimated with repeated dose
34
Q

What are side effects of megesterol acetate?

A

Pyometra

Diabetes

35
Q

What are the estrus induction options in dogs?

A

DES
Prolactin inhibitors (most common)
Deslorelin implant

36
Q

How do prolactin inhibitors induce estrus?

A

Prior to bitch coming into heat, prolactin levels drop. If we give prolactin inhibitor and drop her prolactin and she was close to coming into heat, we can reliably bring her into heat

37
Q

What are the side effects with progesterone in small animals?

A

Uterus with cystic endometrial hyperplasia
Mammary tumors
Diabetes mellitus/insulin resistance
Masculinization of female fetuses if given while pregnant
Weight gain
Acromegaly
Temperament changes in cats
Severity/likelihood depends upon: type of progestogen used, dosage and duration, age of female when initiated, species treated

38
Q

What and when can tocolytics be used?

A

In an impending canine abortion (Terbutaline)
Epinephrine for uterine relaxation in cows with dystocia
Clenbuterol or Buscopam is used in mares for uterine relaxation during dystocia

39
Q

When and which ecbolics are used?

A

Used for uterine contraction, postpartum metritis, postpartum/uterine hemorrhage
Prostaglandins
Ergonovine
Oxytocin

Pharmacology II (18 decks)

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